Reserved & Limited Keywords

Snowflake SQL reserves all ANSI keywords (with the exception of type keywords such as CHAR, DATE, DECIMAL, etc.), as well as some additional keywords (ASC, DESC, MINUS, etc.) that are reserved by other popular databases. Additionally, Snowflake reserves keywords REGEXP and RLIKE (which function like the ANSI reserved keyword LIKE) and SOME (which is a synonym for the ANSI reserved keyword ANY).

To avoid parsing ambiguities, Snowflake SQL also prohibits the use of keywords such as LEFT, OUTER, JOIN, etc. as table names or aliases in the FROM list, and the use of keywords such as TRUE, FALSE, CASE, etc. as column references in scalar expressions.

The following table provides the list of reserved keywords in Snowflake and keywords that are not strictly reserved, but have usage limitations:

Keyword

Comment

A

ACCOUNT

Cannot be used as an identifier in a SHOW command (e.g. ‘SHOW … IN <identifier>’).

ALL

Reserved by ANSI.

ALTER

Reserved by ANSI.

AND

Reserved by ANSI.

ANY

Reserved by ANSI.

AS

Reserved by ANSI.

B

BETWEEN

Reserved by ANSI.

BY

Reserved by ANSI.

C

CASE

Cannot be used as column reference in a scalar expression.

CAST

Cannot be used as column reference in a scalar expression.

CHECK

Reserved by ANSI.

COLUMN

Reserved by ANSI.

CONNECT

Reserved by ANSI.

CONNECTION

Cannot be used as an identifier in a SHOW command (e.g. ‘SHOW … IN <identifier>’).

CONSTRAINT

Cannot be used as a column name in CREATE TABLE DDL.

CREATE

Reserved by ANSI.

CROSS

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

CURRENT

Reserved by ANSI.

CURRENT_DATE

Cannot be used as column name (reserved by ANSI).

CURRENT_TIME

Cannot be used as column name (reserved by ANSI).

CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

Cannot be used as column name (reserved by ANSI).

CURRENT_USER

Cannot be used as column name (reserved by ANSI).

D

DATABASE

Cannot be used as an identifier in a SHOW command (e.g. ‘SHOW … IN <identifier>’).

DELETE

Reserved by ANSI.

DISTINCT

Reserved by ANSI.

DROP

Reserved by ANSI.

E

ELSE

Reserved by ANSI.

EXISTS

Reserved by ANSI.

F

FALSE

Cannot be used as column reference in a scalar expression.

FOLLOWING

Reserved by ANSI.

FOR

Reserved by ANSI.

FROM

Reserved by ANSI.

FULL

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

G

GRANT

Reserved by ANSI.

GROUP

Reserved by ANSI.

GSCLUSTER

Cannot be used as an identifier in a SHOW command (e.g. ‘SHOW … IN <identifier>’).

H

HAVING

Reserved by ANSI.

I

ILIKE

Reserved by Snowflake.

IN

Reserved by ANSI.

INCREMENT

Reserved by Snowflake and others.

INNER

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

INSERT

Reserved by ANSI.

INTERSECT

Reserved by ANSI.

INTO

Reserved by ANSI.

IS

Reserved by ANSI.

ISSUE

Cannot be used as an identifier in a SHOW command (e.g. ‘SHOW … IN <identifier>’).

J

JOIN

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

L

LATERAL

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

LEFT

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

LIKE

Reserved by ANSI.

LOCALTIME

Cannot be used as column name (reserved by ANSI).

LOCALTIMESTAMP

Cannot be used as column name (reserved by ANSI).

M

MINUS

Reserved by Snowflake and others.

N

NATURAL

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

NOT

Reserved by ANSI.

NULL

Reserved by ANSI.

O

OF

Reserved by ANSI.

ON

Reserved by ANSI.

OR

Reserved by ANSI.

ORDER

Reserved by ANSI.

ORGANIZATION

Cannot be used as an identifier in a SHOW command (e.g. ‘SHOW … IN <identifier>’).

Q

QUALIFY

Reserved by Snowflake.

R

REGEXP

Reserved by Snowflake.

REVOKE

Reserved by ANSI.

RIGHT

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

RLIKE

Reserved by Snowflake.

ROW

Reserved by ANSI.

ROWS

Reserved by ANSI.

S

SAMPLE

Reserved by ANSI.

SCHEMA

Cannot be used as an identifier in a SHOW command (e.g. ‘SHOW … IN <identifier>’).

SELECT

Reserved by ANSI.

SET

Reserved by ANSI.

SOME

Reserved by Snowflake.

START

Reserved by ANSI.

T

TABLE

Reserved by ANSI.

TABLESAMPLE

Reserved by ANSI.

THEN

Reserved by ANSI.

TO

Reserved by ANSI.

TRIGGER

Reserved by ANSI.

TRUE

Cannot be used as column reference in a scalar expression.

TRY_CAST

Cannot be used as column reference in a scalar expression.

U

UNION

Reserved by ANSI.

UNIQUE

Reserved by ANSI.

UPDATE

Reserved by ANSI.

USING

Cannot be used as table name or alias in a FROM clause.

V

VALUES

Reserved by ANSI.

VIEW

Cannot be used as an identifier in a SHOW command (e.g. ‘SHOW … IN <identifier>’).

W

WHEN

Cannot be used as column reference in a scalar expression.

WHENEVER

Reserved by ANSI.

WHERE

Reserved by ANSI.

WITH

Reserved by ANSI.