SnowConvert: teradata 세션 모드

Teradata 세션 모드 설명

Teradata 데이터베이스에는 쿼리 실행을 위한 ANSI 모드(ANSI SQL: 2011 사양에 기반한 규칙) 및 TERA 모드(Teradata에서 정의한 규칙)의 여러 모드가 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 다음 Teradata 설명서 를 검토하십시오.

문자열 정보 테이블용 Teradata 모드

문자열의 경우, Teradata 모드는 다르게 작동합니다. Teradata 설명서 를 기반으로한 다음 테이블의 설명을 따릅니다.

| Feature                                     | ANSI mode       | Teradata mode    |
| ------------------------------------------- | --------------- | ---------------- |
| Default attribute for character comparisons | CASESPECIFIC    | NOT CASESPECIFIC |
| Default TRIM behavior                       | TRIM(BOTH FROM) | TRIM(BOTH FROM)  |
Copy

변환 사양 요약

ModeColumn constraint valuesTeradata behaviorSC expected behavior
ANSI ModeCASESPECIFICCASESPECIFICNo constraint added.
NOT CASESPECIFICCASESPECIFICAdd COLLATE 'en-cs' in column definition.
Teradata ModeCASESPECIFICCASESPECIFICIn most cases, do not add COLLATE, and convert its usages of string comparison to RTRIM( expression )
NOT CASESPECIFICNOT CASESPECIFICIn most cases, do not add COLLATE, and convert its usages of string comparison to RTRIM(UPPER( expression ))

사용 가능한 변환 사양 옵션

문자열 비교를 위한 ANSI 모드 - COLLATE

설명

문자열 비교 및 COLLATE 사용을 위한 ANSI 모드

ANSI 모드 문자열 비교는 필수에 따라 열 또는 문에 COLLATE 제약 조건을 적용합니다. 기본 대/소문자 사양 트림 동작을 고려할 수 있습니다.

Teradata에서 기본 대/소문자 사양은 ‘CASESPECIFIC’이며, 이는 Snowflake ‘대/소문자 구분' 과 동일한 기본값입니다. 따라서 이러한 경우에는 중복되므로 COLLATE 로 변환되지 않습니다.

샘플 소스 패턴

설정 데이터

 CREATE TABLE employees (
    employee_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC,
    last_name VARCHAR(50) CASESPECIFIC,
    department VARCHAR(50)
);

INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (1, 'George', 'Snow', 'Sales');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (2, 'John', 'SNOW', 'Engineering');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (3, 'WIlle', 'SNOW', 'Human resources   ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (4, 'Marco', 'SnoW   ', 'EngineerinG');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (5, 'Mary', '   ', 'SaleS  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (6, 'GEORGE', '  ', 'sales  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (7, 'GEORGE   ', '  ', 'salEs  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (8, '    GeorgE   ', '  ', 'SalEs  ');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (9, 'JOHN', '   SnoW', 'IT');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (10, 'JOHN    ', 'snow', 'Finance   ');

CREATE TABLE departments (
    department_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    department_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC,
    location VARCHAR(100) CASESPECIFIC,
    PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
);


INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (101, 'Information Technology', 'New York');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (102, 'Human Resources', 'Chicago');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (103, 'Sales', 'San Francisco');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (104, 'Finance', 'Boston');
Copy
 CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE employees (
    employee_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) COLLATE 'en-ci',
    last_name VARCHAR(50),
    department VARCHAR(50)
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "teradata",  "convertedOn": "11/01/2024",  "domain": "test" }}'
;

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (1, 'George', 'Snow', 'Sales');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (2, 'John', 'SNOW', 'Engineering');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (3, 'WIlle', 'SNOW', 'Human resources   ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (4, 'Marco', 'SnoW   ', 'EngineerinG');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (5, 'Mary', '   ', 'SaleS  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (6, 'GEORGE', '  ', 'sales  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (7, 'GEORGE   ', '  ', 'salEs  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (8, '    GeorgE   ', '  ', 'SalEs  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (9, 'JOHN', '   SnoW', 'IT');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (10, 'JOHN    ', 'snow', 'Finance   ');

CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE departments (
    department_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    department_name VARCHAR(50) COLLATE 'en-ci',
    location VARCHAR(100),
       PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
   )
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "teradata",  "convertedOn": "11/01/2024",  "domain": "test" }}'
;

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (101, 'Information Technology', 'New York');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (102, 'Human Resources', 'Chicago');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (103, 'Sales', 'San Francisco');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (104, 'Finance', 'Boston');
Copy

비교 연산

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name = 'GEorge ';
Copy
```none
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
    *
FROM
    employees
WHERE
    COLLATE(first_name, 'en-cs-rtrim') = RTRIM('George');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'SNOW ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
Snowflake
SELECT
 *
FROM
 employees
WHERE
 RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('SNOW ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
케이스 3: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드
Teradata
 SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name = 'George   ' (CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake

참고

COLLATE ‘en-cs’는 기능적 동등성을 위해 필요합니다.

 SELECT
    *
FROM
    employees
WHERE
    COLLATE(first_name, 'en-cs-rtrim') = 'George   ' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 4: CAST CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드
Teradata
 SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name = 'GEorge   ' (NOT CASESPECIFIC) ;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM('GEorge   ' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
Copy
케이스 5: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드
Teradata
 SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name (NOT CASESPECIFIC)  = 'George    ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake

참고

여기에는 COLLATE 가 필요합니다.

 SELECT
   * 
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   COLLATE(first_name /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/, 'en-cs-rtrim') = 'George    ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy

LIKE 작업

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'George';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE COLLATE(first_name, 'en-cs-rtrim') LIKE 'George';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'Snow';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE RTRIM(last_name) LIKE RTRIM('Snow');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
Copy
케이스 3: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'Mary' (CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 5            | Mary        |            | SaleS      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   COLLATE(first_name, 'en-cs-rtrim') LIKE 'Mary' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 5            | Mary        |            | SaleS      |
Copy
케이스 4: CAST CASESPECIFC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'SNO%' (NOT CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(last_name) LIKE RTRIM('SNO%' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
Copy

IN 작업

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name IN ('George   ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake

참고

이 경우 COLLATE(_ column_name_ , 'en-cs-rtrim') 가 필요합니다

 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(first_name) IN (COLLATE('George   ', 'en-cs-rtrim'));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata

참고

이 경우 열에 열 제약 조건이 없지만 Teradata ANSI 모드의 기본 제약 조건은 CASESPECIFIC 입니다.

 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department IN ('EngineerinG    ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department  |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| 4            | Marco       | SnoW       | EngineerinG |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(department) IN (RTRIM('EngineerinG    '));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department  |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| 4            | Marco       | SnoW       | EngineerinG |
Copy

ORDER BY 절

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT first_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name  |
| ------------ |
|    GeorgE    |
| GEORGE       |
| GEORGE       |
| **George**   |
| John         |
| JOHN         |
| JOHN         |
| Marco        |
| Mary         |
| WIlle        |
Copy
Snowflake

경고

FDM 을 검토하십시오. _ 추가할 보류 중. _

 SELECT
   first_name
FROM
   employees
ORDER BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name  |
| ------------ |
|    GeorgE    |
| **George**   |
| GEORGE       |
| GEORGE       |
| John         |
| JOHN         |
| JOHN         |
| Marco        |
| Mary         |
| WIlle        |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY last_name;
Copy
| department      |
| --------------- |
| EngineerinG     |
| Engineering     |
| Finance         |
| Human resources |
| IT              |
| SalEs           |
| SaleS           |
| Sales           |
| salEs           |
| sales           |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   last_name
FROM
   employees
ORDER BY last_name;
Copy
| department      |
| --------------- |
| EngineerinG     |
| Engineering     |
| Finance         |
| Human resources |
| IT              |
| SalEs           |
| SaleS           |
| Sales           |
| salEs           |
| sales           |
Copy

GROUP BY 절

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT first_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name  |
| ------------ |
| Mary         |
|    GeorgE    |
| WIlle        |
| **JOHN**     |
| Marco        |
| GEORGE       |
Copy
Snowflake

경고

케이스 또는 순서에 따라 출력 내용이 다를 수 있습니다.

참고

RTRIM 은 선택한 열에 필수입니다.

   SELECT
   first_name
  FROM
   employees
  GROUP BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name  |
| ------------ |
| **John**     |
| Marco        |
| **George**   |
|    GeorgE    |
| WIlle        |
| Mary         |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
| SnoW       |
|            |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy
Snowflake

참고

순서는 다를 수 있습니다.

 SELECT
   last_name
  FROM
   employees
  GROUP BY last_name;
Copy
| first\_name |
| ----------- |
| Snow        |
| SNOW        |
| SnoW        |
|             |
| SnoW        |
| snow        |
Copy

HAVING 절

HAVING 절은 다음에서 이 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

샘플: 열 제약 조건은 NOT CASESPECIFIC , 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드입니다
Teradata
 SELECT first_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY first_name
HAVING first_name = 'Mary';
Copy
Mary
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
  first_name
FROM
  employees
GROUP BY first_name
HAVING
   COLLATE(first_name, 'en-cs-rtrim') = 'Mary';
Copy
Mary
Copy

CASE WHEN 문

CASE WHEN 문은 설명된 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

Teradata
 SELECT first_name,
      last_name,
      CASE
          WHEN department = 'EngineerinG' THEN 'Information Technology'
          WHEN first_name = '    GeorgE   ' THEN 'GLOBAL SALES'
          ELSE 'Other'
      END AS department_full_name
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = '';
Copy
| first\_name   | last\_name | department\_full\_name |
| ------------- | ---------- | ---------------------- |
| GEORGE        |            | Other                  |
| Mary          |            | Other                  |
|     GeorgE    |            | GLOBAL SALES           |
| GEORGE        |            | Other                  |
Copy
Snowflake
    SELECT
   first_name,
   last_name,
   CASE
         WHEN RTRIM(department) = RTRIM('EngineerinG')
            THEN 'Information Technology'
         WHEN COLLATE(first_name, 'en-cs-rtrim')  = '    GeorgE   '
            THEN 'GLOBAL SALES'
       ELSE 'Other'
   END AS department_full_name
FROM
   employees
WHERE RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('');
Copy
| first\_name   | last\_name | department\_full\_name |
| ------------- | ---------- | ---------------------- |
| Mary          |            | Other                  |
| GEORGE        |            | Other                  |
| GEORGE        |            | Other                  |
|     GeorgE    |            | GLOBAL SALES           |
Copy

JOIN 절

경고

평가 작업이 포함된 간단한 시나리오가 지원됩니다.

JOIN 문은 설명된 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

샘플: 열 제약 조건은 NOT CASESPECIFIC , 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드입니다
Teradata
 SELECT
    e.employee_id,
    e.first_name,
    e.last_name,
    d.department_name
FROM
    employees e
JOIN
    departments d
ON
    e.department = d.department_name;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department\_name |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales            |
| 10           | JOHN        | snow       | Finance          |
Copy
Snowflake

참고

d.department_name 은 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이므로 COLLATE 가 필요합니다.

    SELECT
   e.employee_id,
   e.first_name,
   e.last_name,
   d.department_name
FROM
   employees e
JOIN
   departments d
ON COLLATE(e.department, 'en-cs-rtrim') = d.department_name;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department\_name |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales            |
| 10           | JOHN        | snow       | Finance          |
Copy

문자열 비교를 위한 ANSI 모드 - NO COLLATE

설명

문자열 비교 및 NO COLATE 사용을 위한 ANSI 모드.

COLLATE 를 사용하지 않는 ANSI 모드 문자열 비교는 필요에 따라 RTRIM 및 UPPER 를 적용합니다. 기본 대/소문자 사양 트림 동작이 고려될 수 있으므로 Teradata ANSI 모드에서 열에 대/소문자 사양이 없는 경우 Teradata는 기본값으로 CASESPECIFIC 을 갖습니다.

샘플 소스 패턴

설정 데이터

 CREATE TABLE employees (
    employee_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC,
    last_name VARCHAR(50) CASESPECIFIC,
    department VARCHAR(50)
);

INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (1, 'George', 'Snow', 'Sales');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (2, 'John', 'SNOW', 'Engineering');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (3, 'WIlle', 'SNOW', 'Human resources   ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (4, 'Marco', 'SnoW   ', 'EngineerinG');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (5, 'Mary', '   ', 'SaleS  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (6, 'GEORGE', '  ', 'sales  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (7, 'GEORGE   ', '  ', 'salEs  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (8, '    GeorgE   ', '  ', 'SalEs  ');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (9, 'JOHN', '   SnoW', 'IT');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (10, 'JOHN    ', 'snow', 'Finance   ');

CREATE TABLE departments (
    department_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    department_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC,
    location VARCHAR(100) CASESPECIFIC,
    PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
);


INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (101, 'Information Technology', 'New York');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (102, 'Human Resources', 'Chicago');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (103, 'Sales', 'San Francisco');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (104, 'Finance', 'Boston');
Copy
 CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE employees (
    employee_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50),
    last_name VARCHAR(50),
    department VARCHAR(50)
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "teradata",  "convertedOn": "10/30/2024",  "domain": "test" }}'
;

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (1, 'George', 'Snow', 'Sales');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (2, 'John', 'SNOW', 'Engineering');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (3, 'WIlle', 'SNOW', 'Human resources   ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (4, 'Marco', 'SnoW   ', 'EngineerinG');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (5, 'Mary', '   ', 'SaleS  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (6, 'GEORGE', '  ', 'sales  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (7, 'GEORGE   ', '  ', 'salEs  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (8, '    GeorgE   ', '  ', 'SalEs  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (9, 'JOHN', '   SnoW', 'IT');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (10, 'JOHN    ', 'snow', 'Finance   ');

CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE departments (
    department_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    department_name VARCHAR(50),
    location VARCHAR(100),
       PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
   )
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "teradata",  "convertedOn": "10/30/2024",  "domain": "test" }}'
;

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (101, 'Information Technology', 'New York');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (102, 'Human Resources', 'Chicago');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (103, 'Sales', 'San Francisco');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (104, 'Finance', 'Boston');
Copy

비교 연산

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name = 'George      ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
 *
FROM
employees
WHERE
RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM('George      ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'SNOW ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
 *
FROM
employees
WHERE
 RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('SNOW ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
케이스 3: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드

경고

(CASESPECIFIC)는 테이블 정의의 열 제약 조건을 덮어씁니다.

Teradata
 SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name = 'GEorge   ' (CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT * FROM workers
WHERE RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM(UPPER('GEorge   '));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 4: CAST CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드
Teradata
 SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'SnoW   ' (NOT CASESPECIFIC) ;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department  |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| 4            | Marco       | SnoW       | EngineerinG |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('SnoW   ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department  |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| 4            | Marco       | SnoW       | EngineerinG |
Copy

LIKE 작업

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'Georg%';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'Georg%';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'Snow';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'Snow';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 3: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'George' (NOT CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   first_name ILIKE 'George' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 4: CAST CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'SNO%' (NOT CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   last_name LIKE 'SNO%' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
Copy

IN 작업

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name IN ('GEORGE   ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE RTRIM(first_name) IN (RTRIM('GEORGE   '));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department IN ('SaleS');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 5            | Mary        |            | SaleS      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE RTRIM(department) IN (RTRIM('SaleS'));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 5            | Mary        |            | SaleS      |
Copy

ORDER BY 절

참고

이 기능적 동등성은 다를 수 있다는 점에 유의하십시오.

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT department_name
FROM departments
ORDER BY department_name;
Copy
| department      |
| --------------- |
| EngineerinG     |
| Engineering     |
| Finance         |
| Human resources |
| IT              |
| SalEs           |
| SaleS           |
| Sales           |
| salEs           |
| sales           |
Copy
Snowflake

참고

FDM 을 검토하십시오. 데이터 삽입 순서에 따라 순서가 달라집니다.

 SELECT
   department_name
FROM
   departments
ORDER BY
   UPPER(department_name);
Copy
| department      |
| --------------- |
| EngineerinG     |
| Engineering     |
| Finance         |
| Human resources |
| IT              |
| SalEs           |
| SaleS           |
| Sales           |
| salEs           |
| sales           |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY last_name;
Copy
| department             |
| ---------------------- |
| Finance                |
| Human Resources        |
| Information Technology |
| Sales                  |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY last_name;
Copy
| department             |
| ---------------------- |
| Finance                |
| Human Resources        |
| Information Technology |
| Sales                  |
Copy

GROUP BY 절

경고

기능적 동등성을 보장하기 위해 COLLATE 식을 사용해야 합니다.

자세한 내용은 SSC-EWI-TD0007을 참조하십시오.

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT first_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name   |
| ------------- |
| Mary          |
|     GeorgE    |
| WIlle         |
| John          |
| Marco         |
| GEORGE        |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   first_name
FROM
   employees
!!!RESOLVE EWI!!! /*** SSC-EWI-TD0007 - GROUP BY IS NOT EQUIVALENT IN TERADATA MODE ***/!!!
GROUP BY first_name;
Copy
| FIRST\_NAME   |
| ------------- |
| George        |
| John          |
| WIlle         |
| Marco         |
| Mary          |
| GEORGE        |
| GEORGE        |
|     GeorgE    |
| JOHN          |
| JOHN          |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 ANSI 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
| SnoW       |
|            |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   last_name
FROM
   employees
!!!RESOLVE EWI!!! /*** SSC-EWI-TD0007 - GROUP BY IS NOT EQUIVALENT IN TERADATA MODE ***/!!!
GROUP BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
| SnoW       |
|            |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy

HAVING 절

HAVING 절은 다음에서 이 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

샘플: 열 제약 조건은 NOT CASESPECIFIC , 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드입니다
Teradata
 SELECT first_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY first_name
HAVING first_name = 'GEORGE';
Copy
GEORGE
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   first_name
FROM
   employees
GROUP BY first_name
HAVING
   RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM('GEORGE');
Copy
GEORGE
Copy

CASE WHEN 문

CASE WHEN 문은 설명된 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

Teradata
 SELECT first_name,
      last_name,
      CASE
          WHEN department = 'SaleS  ' THEN 'GLOBAL SALES'
          WHEN first_name = 'GEORGE   ' THEN 'Department Full Name'
          ELSE 'Other'
      END AS department_full_name
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = '   ';
Copy
first_namelast_namedepartment_full_name
GEORGEDepartment Full Name
MaryGLOBAL SALES
GeorgE Other
GEORGEDepartment Full Name
Snowflake
 SELECT first_name,
      last_name,
      CASE
          WHEN RTRIM(department) = RTRIM('SaleS  ') THEN 'GLOBAL SALES'
          WHEN RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM('GEORGE   ') THEN 'Department Full Name'
          ELSE 'Other'
      END AS department_full_name
FROM employees
WHERE RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('   ');
Copy
first_namelast_namedepartment_full_name
GEORGEDepartment Full Name
MaryGLOBAL SALES
GeorgE Other
GEORGEDepartment Full Name

JOIN 절

경고

간단한 시나리오가 지원됩니다.

JOIN 문은 설명된 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

샘플: 열 제약 조건은 CASESPECIFIC, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드입니다
Teradata
 SELECT
    e.employee_id,
    e.first_name,
    e.last_name,
    d.department_name
FROM
    employees e
JOIN
    departments d
ON
    e.department = d.department_name;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department\_name |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales            |
| 10           | JOHN        | snow       | Finance          |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   e.employee_id,
   e.first_name,
   e.last_name,
   d.department_name
FROM
   employees e
JOIN
      departments d
ON RTRIM(e.department) = RTRIM(d.department_name);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department\_name |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales            |
| 10           | JOHN        | snow       | Finance          |
Copy

관련 EWIs

SSC-EWI-TD0007: GROUP BY IS 는 TERADATA 모드와 동일하지 않습니다.

문자열 비교를 위한 TERA 모드 - COLLATE

설명

문자열 비교 및 COLLATE 사용을 위한 Tera 모드

Tera Mode 문자열 비교는 필수에 따라 열 또는 문에 COLLATE 제약 조건을 적용합니다. 기본 대/소문자 사양 트림 동작을 고려할 수 있습니다. TERA 모드에 대한 Teradata의 기본 대/소문자 사양은 NOT CASESPECIFIC 입니다. 따라서 대/소문자 지정이 없는 열에는 COLLATE('en-ci') 제약 조건이 적용됩니다.

샘플 소스 패턴

설정 데이터

 CREATE TABLE employees (
    employee_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC,
    last_name VARCHAR(50) CASESPECIFIC,
    department VARCHAR(50)
);

INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (1, 'George', 'Snow', 'Sales');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (2, 'John', 'SNOW', 'Engineering');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (3, 'WIlle', 'SNOW', 'Human resources   ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (4, 'Marco', 'SnoW   ', 'EngineerinG');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (5, 'Mary', '   ', 'SaleS  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (6, 'GEORGE', '  ', 'sales  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (7, 'GEORGE   ', '  ', 'salEs  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (8, '    GeorgE   ', '  ', 'SalEs  ');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (9, 'JOHN', '   SnoW', 'IT');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (10, 'JOHN    ', 'snow', 'Finance   ');

CREATE TABLE departments (
    department_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    department_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC,
    location VARCHAR(100) CASESPECIFIC,
    PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
);


INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (101, 'Information Technology', 'New York');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (102, 'Human Resources', 'Chicago');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (103, 'Sales', 'San Francisco');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (104, 'Finance', 'Boston');
Copy
 CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE employees (
    employee_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) COLLATE 'en-ci',
    last_name VARCHAR(50),
    department VARCHAR(50) COLLATE 'en-ci'
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "teradata",  "convertedOn": "11/01/2024",  "domain": "test" }}'
;

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (1, 'George', 'Snow', 'Sales');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (2, 'John', 'SNOW', 'Engineering');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (3, 'WIlle', 'SNOW', 'Human resources   ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (4, 'Marco', 'SnoW   ', 'EngineerinG');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (5, 'Mary', '   ', 'SaleS  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (6, 'GEORGE', '  ', 'sales  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (7, 'GEORGE   ', '  ', 'salEs  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (8, '    GeorgE   ', '  ', 'SalEs  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (9, 'JOHN', '   SnoW', 'IT');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (10, 'JOHN    ', 'snow', 'Finance   ');

CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE departments (
    department_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    department_name VARCHAR(50) COLLATE 'en-ci',
    location VARCHAR(100),
       PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
   )
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "teradata",  "convertedOn": "11/01/2024",  "domain": "test" }}'
;

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (101, 'Information Technology', 'New York');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (102, 'Human Resources', 'Chicago');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (103, 'Sales', 'San Francisco');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (104, 'Finance', 'Boston');
Copy

비교 연산

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name = 'GEorge ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
 *
FROM
 employees
WHERE
 RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM('GEorge ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'SNOW ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
Snowflake
SELECT
 *
FROM
 employees
WHERE
 RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('SNOW ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
케이스 3: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드

참고

다음 쿼리에 유의하십시오

  • SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name = 'JOHN ' (CASESPECIFIC)

  • SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name (CASESPECIFIC) = 'JOHN '

는 동일한 값을 반환합니다.

Teradata
 SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name = 'JOHN   ' (CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 9            | JOHN        | SnoW       | IT         |
| 10           | JOHN        | snow       | Finance    |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
    *
FROM
    employees
WHERE 
    COLLATE(first_name, 'en-cs-rtrim') = 'JOHN   ' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 9            | JOHN        | SnoW       | IT         |
| 10           | JOHN        | snow       | Finance    |
Copy
케이스 4: CAST CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드

참고

비교의 왼쪽의 열에 있는 CAST 가 우선순위를 갖습니다.

\ 예를 들어:

  • SELECT * FROM employees WHERE last_name (NOT CASESPECIFIC) = 'snoW'; _는 5개 행을 반환합니다. _

  • SELECT * FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'snoW' (NOT CASESPECIFIC); 은 이 설정 데이터로 0개 행 을 반환합니다.

Teradata
 SELECT * FROM employees WHERE last_name (NOT CASESPECIFIC)  = 'snoW' ;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales           |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 4            | Marco       | SnoW       | EngineerinG     |
| 10           | JOHN        | snow       | Finance         |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   COLLATE(last_name /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/, 'en-ci-rtrim') = 'snoW' ;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales           |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 4            | Marco       | SnoW       | EngineerinG     |
| 10           | JOHN        | snow       | Finance         |
Copy

LIKE 작업

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'GeorgE';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(first_name) LIKE RTRIM('GeorgE');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'Snow';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(last_name) LIKE RTRIM('Snow');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 3: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'George' (CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
    *
FROM
    employees
WHERE
    COLLATE(first_name, 'en-cs-rtrim') LIKE 'George';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
Copy
케이스 4: CAST CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'SNO%' (NOT CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(last_name) LIKE RTRIM('SNO%' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy

IN 작업

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name IN ('George   ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(first_name) IN (RTRIM('George   '));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 정의되지 않았고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우

참고

Tera 모드에서 정의되지 않은 대/소문자 사양은 NOT CASESPECIFIC 을 의미합니다.

Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department IN ('Sales    ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name  | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ------------ | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George       | Snow       | Sales      |
| 5            | Mary         |            | SaleS      |
| 6            | GEORGE       |            | sales      |
| 7            | GEORGE       |            | salEs      |
| 8            |    GeorgE    |            | SalEs      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(department) IN (RTRIM('Sales    '));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name  | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ------------ | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George       | Snow       | Sales      |
| 5            | Mary         |            | SaleS      |
| 6            | GEORGE       |            | sales      |
| 7            | GEORGE       |            | salEs      |
| 8            |    GeorgE    |            | SalEs      |
Copy
케이스 3: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name IN ('SNOW   ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(last_name) IN (RTRIM('SNOW   '));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy

ORDER BY 절

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT employee_id, first_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY employee_id, first_name;
Copy
employee_idfirst_name
1George
2John
3WIlle
4Marco
5Mary
6GEORGE
7GEORGE
8 GeorgE
9JOHN
10JOHN
Snowflake
 SELECT employee_id, first_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY employee_id, first_name;
Copy
employee_idfirst_name
1George
2John
3WIlle
4Marco
5Mary
6GEORGE
7GEORGE
8 GeorgE
9JOHN
10JOHN
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT employee_id, last_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY employee_id, last_name;
Copy
employee_idlast_name
1Snow
2SNOW
3SNOW
4SnoW
5
6
7
8
9SnoW
10snow
Snowflake
 SELECT employee_id, last_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY employee_id, last_name;
Copy
employee_idlast_name
1Snow
2SNOW
3SNOW
4SnoW
5
6
7
8
9SnoW
10snow

GROUP BY 절

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT first_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name  |
| ------------ |
| Mary         |
|    GeorgE    |
| WIlle        |
| **JOHN**     |
| Marco        |
| **GEORGE**   |
Copy
Snowflake

경고

출력의 대/소문자 지정은 선택한 열 수에 따라 달라질 수 있습니다.

 SELECT
   first_name
FROM
   employees
GROUP BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name  |
| ------------ |
| **John**     |
| Marco        |
| **George**   |
|    GeorgE    |
| WIlle        |
| Mary         |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
| SnoW       |
|            |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   last_name
FROM
   employees
GROUP BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
| SnoW       |
|            |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy

HAVING 절

HAVING 절은 다음에서 이 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

샘플: 열 제약 조건은 NOT CASESPECIFIC , 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드입니다
Teradata

참고

출력의 대/소문자 지정은 선택한 열 수에 따라 달라질 수 있습니다. 이는 GROUP BY 절과도 관련이 있습니다.

 SELECT first_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY first_name
HAVING first_name = 'George  ';
Copy
employee_idfirst_name
7GEORGE
1George
6GEORGE
Snowflake
 SELECT
  employee_id,
  first_name
FROM
  employees
GROUP BY employee_id, first_name
HAVING
   RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM('George  ');
Copy
employee_idfirst_name
7GEORGE
1George
6GEORGE

CASE WHEN 문

CASE WHEN 문은 설명된 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

Teradata
 SELECT first_name,
      last_name,
      CASE
          WHEN department = 'Engineering' THEN 'Information Technology'
          WHEN first_name = 'GeorgE' THEN 'GLOBAL SALES'
          ELSE 'Other'
      END AS department_full_name
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = '';
Copy
| first\_name  | last\_name | department\_full\_name |
| ------------ | ---------- | ---------------------- |
| GEORGE       |            | GLOBAL SALES           |
| Mary         |            | Other                  |
|    GeorgE    |            | Other                  |
| GEORGE       |            | GLOBAL SALES           |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   first_name,
   last_name,
   CASE
      WHEN RTRIM(department) = RTRIM('Engineering')
         THEN 'Information Technology'
      WHEN RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM('GeorgE')
         THEN 'GLOBAL SALES'
      ELSE 'Other'
   END AS department_full_name
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM( last_name) = RTRIM('');
Copy
| first\_name  | last\_name | department\_full\_name |
| ------------ | ---------- | ---------------------- |
| GEORGE       |            | GLOBAL SALES           |
| Mary         |            | Other                  |
|    GeorgE    |            | Other                  |
| GEORGE       |            | GLOBAL SALES           |
Copy

JOIN 절

경고

평가 작업이 포함된 간단한 시나리오가 지원됩니다.

JOIN 문은 설명된 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • EvaluaComparisonComparisontion 작업.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

샘플: 열 제약 조건은 NOT CASESPECIFIC , 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드입니다
Teradata
 SELECT
    e.employee_id,
    e.first_name,
    e.last_name,
    d.department_name
FROM
    employees e
JOIN
    departments d
ON
    e.department = d.department_name;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name  | last\_name | department\_name |
| ------------ | ------------ | ---------- | ---------------- |
| 1            | George       | Snow       | Sales            |
| 3            | WIlle        | SNOW       | Human Resources  |
| 5            | Mary         |            | Sales            |
| 6            | GEORGE       |            | Sales            |
| 7            | GEORGE       |            | Sales            |
| 8            |    GeorgE    |            | Sales            |
| 10           | JOHN         | snow       | Finance          |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   e.employee_id,
   e.first_name,
   e.last_name,
   d.department_name
FROM
   employees e
JOIN
   departments d
ON RTRIM(e.department) = RTRIM(d.department_name);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name  | last\_name | department\_name |
| ------------ | ------------ | ---------- | ---------------- |
| 1            | George       | Snow       | Sales            |
| 3            | WIlle        | SNOW       | Human Resources  |
| 5            | Mary         |            | Sales            |
| 6            | GEORGE       |            | Sales            |
| 7            | GEORGE       |            | Sales            |
| 8            |    GeorgE    |            | Sales            |
| 10           | JOHN         | snow       | Finance          |
Copy

관련 EWIs

SSC-EWI-TD0007: GROUP BY REQUIRED COLLATE FOR CASE INSENSITIVE COLUMNS

SC-FDM-TD0032 : [NOT] 특정 절이 제거되었습니다.

문자열 비교를 위한 TERA 모드 - NO COLLATE

설명

문자열 비교 및 NO COLLATE 사용을 위한 Tera 모드.

COLLATE 를 사용하지 않는 Tera 모드 문자열 비교는 필요에 따라 RTRIM 및 UPPER` 를 적용합니다. 기본 대/소문자 사양 트림 동작을 고려할 수 있습니다.

샘플 소스 패턴

설정 데이터

 CREATE TABLE employees (
    employee_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC,
    last_name VARCHAR(50) CASESPECIFIC,
    department VARCHAR(50)
);

INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (1, 'George', 'Snow', 'Sales');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (2, 'John', 'SNOW', 'Engineering');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (3, 'WIlle', 'SNOW', 'Human resources   ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (4, 'Marco', 'SnoW   ', 'EngineerinG');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (5, 'Mary', '   ', 'SaleS  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (6, 'GEORGE', '  ', 'sales  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (7, 'GEORGE   ', '  ', 'salEs  ');
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (8, '    GeorgE   ', '  ', 'SalEs  ');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (9, 'JOHN', '   SnoW', 'IT');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department) VALUES (10, 'JOHN    ', 'snow', 'Finance   ');

CREATE TABLE departments (
    department_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    department_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC,
    location VARCHAR(100) CASESPECIFIC,
    PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
);


INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (101, 'Information Technology', 'New York');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (102, 'Human Resources', 'Chicago');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (103, 'Sales', 'San Francisco');
INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location) VALUES (104, 'Finance', 'Boston');
Copy
 CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE employees (
    employee_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50),
    last_name VARCHAR(50),
    department VARCHAR(50)
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "teradata",  "convertedOn": "10/30/2024",  "domain": "test" }}'
;

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (1, 'George', 'Snow', 'Sales');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (2, 'John', 'SNOW', 'Engineering');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (3, 'WIlle', 'SNOW', 'Human resources   ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (4, 'Marco', 'SnoW   ', 'EngineerinG');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (5, 'Mary', '   ', 'SaleS  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (6, 'GEORGE', '  ', 'sales  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (7, 'GEORGE   ', '  ', 'salEs  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (8, '    GeorgE   ', '  ', 'SalEs  ');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (9, 'JOHN', '   SnoW', 'IT');

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, department)
VALUES (10, 'JOHN    ', 'snow', 'Finance   ');

CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE departments (
    department_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
    department_name VARCHAR(50),
    location VARCHAR(100),
       PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
   )
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "teradata",  "convertedOn": "10/30/2024",  "domain": "test" }}'
;

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (101, 'Information Technology', 'New York');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (102, 'Human Resources', 'Chicago');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (103, 'Sales', 'San Francisco');

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, location)
VALUES (104, 'Finance', 'Boston');
Copy

비교 연산

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우

이 예제는 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로 설정된 열을 first_name 열로 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다. 'GEorge', 문자열을 요청하는 경우에도 대/소문자 사양이 고려되지 않기 때문에 쿼리 실행 시 Teradata에서 결과를 검색합니다.

Snowflake에는 이 시나리오를 에뮬레이션하기 위해 두 가지 함수가 구현되어 있습니다. 이 시나리오에서는 문자열이 대/소문자 구분을 검토하지 않기 때문에 RTRIM(UPPER(string_evaluation)), UPPER 가 필요합니다.

Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name = 'GEorge ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
 *
FROM
 employees
WHERE
 RTRIM(UPPER(first_name)) = RTRIM(UPPER('GEorge '));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우

이 예의 경우 열 제약 조건은 CASESPECIFIC 이며, ‘Snow’는 ‘SNOW’와 같지 않기 때문에 이 예제에서는 Teradata에서 행을 검색하지 않습니다.

Snowflake에서는 대/소문자 사양이 중요하므로 결과 마이그레이션은 RTRIM 함수의 사용만을 가리킵니다.

Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'SNOW ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
Snowflake
SELECT
 *
FROM
 employees
WHERE
 RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('SNOW ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department      |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | --------------- |
| 3            | WIlle       | SNOW       | Human resources |
| 2            | John        | SNOW       | Engineering     |
Copy
케이스 3: CAST CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드
Teradata

경고

(CASESPECIFIC)은 테이블 정의에서 열 제약 조건을 재정의합니다.

 SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name = 'GEORGE   ' (CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake

참고

RTRIM 은 왼쪽에, RTRIM 은 오른쪽에 입력해야 합니다.

 SELECT
   * 
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(first_name) = RTRIM('GEORGE   ' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 4: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드
Teradata
 SELECT * FROM employees WHERE first_name = 'GEorge   ' (NOT CASESPECIFIC) ;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   * 
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   UPPER(RTRIM(first_name)) = UPPER(RTRIM('GEorge   ' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 5: 공백 케이스. 열 제약 조건은 NOT CASESPECIFIC, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드이며, 동일 연산을 사용합니다.
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = '   ';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name   | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ------------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE        |            | salEs      |
| 5            | Mary          |            | SaleS      |
| 8            |     GeorgE    |            | SalEs      |
| 6            | GEORGE        |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('   ');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name   | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ------------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE        |            | salEs      |
| 5            | Mary          |            | SaleS      |
| 8            |     GeorgE    |            | SalEs      |
| 6            | GEORGE        |            | sales      |
Copy

LIKE 작업

참고

이 작업은 다른 작업과 다르게 작동합니다. 정보를 검색하려면 빈 칸이 같은 수여야 합니다.

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우

이 예제에서는 대/소문자 사양이 관련이 없으므로 한 행이 표시될 것으로 예상됩니다.

참고

Snowflake에서 마이그레이션은 ILIKE 연산을 사용합니다. 대/소문자를 구분하지 않는 비교 성능을 수행합니다.

Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'GeorgE';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name ILIKE 'GeorgE';
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'Snow';
Copy
| first\_name | last\_name | department  |
| ----------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| George      | Snow       | Sales       |
| Jonh        | Snow       | Engineering |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE 'Snow';
Copy
| first\_name | last\_name | department  |
| ----------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| George      | Snow       | Sales       |
| Jonh        | Snow       | Engineering |
Copy
케이스 3: CAST CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'George' (NOT CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE 
   first_name ILIKE 'George' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 4: CAST NOT CASESPECIFIC 열을 NOT CASESPECIFIC 으로, 데이터베이스 모드는 ANSI 모드

참고

이 경우 ILIKE 로 변환해야 합니다.

Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'GE%' (NOT CASESPECIFIC);
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   *
FROM
   employees
WHERE
   first_name ILIKE 'GE%' /*** SSC-FDM-TD0032 - NOT CASESPECIFIC CLAUSE WAS REMOVED ***/;
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy

IN 작업

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우
Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE first_name IN ('GeorgE');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE RTRIM(UPPER(first_name)) IN (RTRIM(UPPER('GeorgE')));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 7            | GEORGE      |            | salEs      |
| 1            | George      | Snow       | Sales      |
| 6            | GEORGE      |            | sales      |
Copy
케이스 2: 열 제약 조건이 CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우

이 예제에서는 Teradata 데이터베이스에서 대/소문자 사양이 결과와 관련이 있으므로 UPPER 함수를 사용할 필요가 없습니다.

Teradata
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE last_name IN ('SnoW');
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department  |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| 4            | Marco       | SnoW       | EngineerinG |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE RTRIM(last_name) IN (RTRIM('SnoW'));
Copy
| employee\_id | first\_name | last\_name | department  |
| ------------ | ----------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| 4            | Marco       | SnoW       | EngineerinG |
Copy

ORDER BY 절

케이스 1: 열 제약 조건이 NOT CASESPECIFIC 이고 데이터베이스 모드가 TERA 모드인 경우

이 출력 순서는 다를 수 있습니다.

Teradata
 SELECT department
FROM employees
ORDER BY department;
Copy
| department      |
| --------------- |
| EngineerinG     |
| Engineering     |
| Finance         |
| Human resources |
| IT              |
| sales           |
| SalEs           |
| Sales           |
| SaleS           |
| salEs           |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT department
FROM employees
ORDER BY UPPER(department);
Copy
| department      |
| --------------- |
| EngineerinG     |
| Engineering     |
| Finance         |
| Human resources |
| IT              |
| sales           |
| SalEs           |
| Sales           |
| SaleS           |
| salEs           |
Copy
Case 2: Column constraint is CASESPECIFIC and database mode is TERA Mode

이 출력은 순서가 다를 수 있습니다.

Teradata
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
|            |
|            |
|            |
|            |
|     SnoW   |
| SNOW       |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
ORDER BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
|            |
|            |
|            |
|            |
|     SnoW   |
| SNOW       |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy

GROUP BY 절

경고

이 출력은 다를 수 있습니다. 기능적 동등성을 보장하기 위해 COLLATE 식을 사용해야 합니다.

자세한 내용은 SSC-EWI-TD0007 을 참조하십시오.

다음은 collate 를 사용하지 않는 해결 방법입니다.

SELECT RTRIM(UPPER(first_name))

FROM employees

GROUP BY RTRIM(UPPER(first_name));

열 동작 정보

Snowflake의 데이터 삽입을 검토하십시오. Snowflake는 대소문자 사양이 열에 명시적으로 바인딩되어 있지 않기 때문에 ‘GEORGE’ 및 ‘georges’ 같은 값을 오류 없이 삽입할 수 있습니다.

다음과 같은 테이블과 데이터가 있다고 가정합니다.

 CREATE TABLE students (
   first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT CASESPECIFIC
);

INSERT INTO students(first_name) VALUES ('George');
INSERT INTO students(first_name) VALUES ('   George');
Copy

이 샘플에서는 NOT CASESPECIFIC 열에 대문자와 소문자가 포함된 값을 동일한 값으로 간주하므로 대문자와 소문자가 포함된 값을 삽입할 수 없습니다. 이 열은 대/소문자 구분을 감독하지 않으므로 ‘GEORGE’ 및 ‘george’ 값이 동일한 정보로 확인됩니다.

다음 행은 _ 중복 행 오류 _로 간주됩니다.

 INSERT INTO students(first_name) VALUES ('GEORGE');
INSERT INTO students(first_name) VALUES ('GeorGe');
INSERT INTO students(first_name) VALUES ('George  ');
INSERT INTO students(first_name) VALUES ('GeOrge');
INSERT INTO students(first_name) VALUES ('GEorge');
INSERT INTO students(first_name) VALUES ('George');
Copy
Case 1: Column constraint is NOT CASESPECIFIC and database mode is TERA Mode
Teradata
 SELECT first_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name  |
| ------------ |
| Mary         |
|    GeorgE    |
| WIlle        |
| JOHN         |
| Marco        |
| GEORGE       |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   first_name
FROM
   employees
!!!RESOLVE EWI!!! /*** SSC-EWI-TD0007 - GROUP BY IS NOT EQUIVALENT IN TERADATA MODE ***/!!!
GROUP BY first_name;
Copy
| first\_name  |
| ------------ |
| George       |
| John         |
| WIlle        |
| Marco        |
| Mary         |
| GEORGE       |
| GEORGE       |
|    GeorgE    |
| JOHN         |
| JOHN         |
Copy
Case 2: Column constraint is CASESPECIFIC and database mode is TERA Mode
Teradata
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
|    SnoW    |
|            |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   last_name
FROM
   employees
!!!RESOLVE EWI!!! /*** SSC-EWI-TD0007 - GROUP BY IS NOT EQUIVALENT IN TERADATA MODE ***/!!!
GROUP BY last_name;
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
|    SnoW    |
| SNOW       |
| SnoW       |
|            |
|            |
| Snow       |
| snow       |
Copy

HAVING clause

HAVING 절은 다음에서 이 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

샘플: 열 제약 조건은 CASESPECIFIC, 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드입니다
Teradata
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY last_name
HAVING last_name = 'Snow';
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
| Snow       |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT last_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY last_name
HAVING RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('Snow');
Copy
| last\_name |
| ---------- |
| Snow       |
Copy

CASE WHEN statement

CASE WHEN 문은 설명된 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

Teradata
 SELECT first_name,
      last_name,
      CASE
          WHEN department = 'EngineerinG' THEN 'Information Technology'
          WHEN last_name = 'SNOW' THEN 'GLOBAL COOL SALES'
          ELSE 'Other'
      END AS department_full_name
FROM employees;
Copy
| first\_name  | last\_name | department\_full\_name |
| ------------ | ---------- | ---------------------- |
| GEORGE       |            | Other                  |
| JOHN         | SnoW       | Other                  |
| Mary         |            | Other                  |
| JOHN         | snow       | Other                  |
| WIlle        | SNOW       | GLOBAL COOL SALES      |
| George       | Snow       | Other                  |
|    GeorgE    |            | Other                  |
| GEORGE       |            | Other                  |
| Marco        | SnoW       | Information Technology |
| John         | SNOW       | Information Technology |
Copy
Snowflake
 SELECT
   first_name,
   last_name,
   CASE
      WHEN UPPER(RTRIM(department)) = UPPER(RTRIM('EngineerinG'))
         THEN 'Information Technology'
      WHEN RTRIM(last_name) = RTRIM('SNOW')
         THEN 'GLOBAL COOL SALES'
      ELSE 'Other'
   END AS department_full_name
FROM
   employees;
Copy
| first\_name  | last\_name | department\_full\_name |
| ------------ | ---------- | ---------------------- |
| GEORGE       |            | Other                  |
| JOHN         | SnoW       | Other                  |
| Mary         |            | Other                  |
| JOHN         | snow       | Other                  |
| WIlle        | SNOW       | GLOBAL COOL SALES      |
| George       | Snow       | Other                  |
|    GeorgE    |            | Other                  |
| GEORGE       |            | Other                  |
| Marco        | SnoW       | Information Technology |
| John         | SNOW       | Information Technology |
Copy

JOIN clause

경고

간단한 시나리오가 지원됩니다.

JOIN 문은 설명된 패턴을 사용합니다.

  • 평가 연산.

    • 예: =, !=, <, >.

  • LIKE 작업.

  • IN 작업.

  • CAST 를 평가 연산으로

  • CAST 를 LIKE 연산으로

다음 샘플은 평가 작업이 포함된 패턴을 보여줍니다.

샘플: 열 제약 조건은 NOT CASESPECIFIC , 데이터베이스 모드는 TERA 모드입니다
Teradata
 SELECT
    e.employee_id,
    e.first_name,
    e.last_name,
    d.department_name
FROM
    employees e
JOIN
    departments d
ON
    e.department = d.department_name;
Copy
employee_idfirst_namelast_namedepartment_name
1GeorgeSnowSales
3WIlleSNOWHuman Resources
5MarySales
6GEORGESales
7GEORGESales
8 GeorgE Sales
10JOHNsnowFinance
Snowflake
 SELECT
   e.employee_id,
   e.first_name,
   e.last_name,
   d.department_name
FROM
   employees e
JOIN
   departments d
ON UPPER(RTRIM(e.department)) = UPPER(RTRIM(d.department_name));
Copy
employee_idfirst_namelast_namedepartment_name
1GeorgeSnowSales
3WIlleSNOWHuman Resources
5MarySales
6GEORGESales
7GEORGESales
8 GeorgE Sales
10JOHNsnowFinance

Known Issues

  1. 몇 가지 모드별 SQL 문 제한 사항: BEGIN TRANSACTION, END TRANSACTION, COMMIT [WORK].

  2. 대/소문자 사양이 열 선언에 바인딩되지 않기 때문에 데이터 삽입은 Snowflake에서 다를 수 있습니다.

  3. GROUP BY 의 순서는 다를 수 있지만 올바른 값을 그룹화합니다.

  4. ORDER BY 는 Snowflake에서 다르게 동작합니다.

  5. 함수에 소스 코드의 TRIM()가 있는 경우 이 해결 방법은 소스 코드에 필수 함수를 추가합니다. 따라서 TRIM() 소스 함수에 RTRIM 을 적용합니다.

관련 EWIs

SSC-EWI-TD0007: GROUP BY IS NOT EQUIVALENT IN TERADATA MODE

언어: 한국어