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String & binary functions (General)

PARSE_URL¶

Returns an OBJECT value that consists of all the components (fragment, host, parameters, path, port, query, scheme) in a valid input URL/URI.

Syntax¶

PARSE_URL(<string>, [<permissive>])
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Arguments¶

Required:

string

String to parse.

Optional:

permissive

Flag that determines how parse errors are handled:

  • If set to 0, parse errors cause the function to fail.

  • If set to 1, parse errors result in an object with the error field set to the respective error message (and no other fields set).

Default value is 0.

Returns¶

The function returns a value of type OBJECT.

If any input argument is NULL, the function returns NULL.

When an OBJECT value is returned, it contains the following key-value pairs:

Key

Value

fragment

An anchor that points to a location.

host

The domain (address of a website or server).

parameters

Values passed to the website or server.

path

A resource’s location.

port

The port (connection endpoint for a process or service).

query

A query string passed to the website or server.

scheme

The protocol.

Examples¶

The following examples use the PARSE_URL function.

Parse URLs in table data¶

Create a table and insert rows:

CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE parse_url_test (id INT, sample_url VARCHAR);

INSERT INTO parse_url_test VALUES
  (1, 'mailto:abc@xyz.com'),
  (2, 'https://www.snowflake.com/'),
  (3, 'http://USER:PASS@EXAMPLE.INT:4345/HELLO.PHP?USER=1'),
  (4, NULL);

SELECT * FROM parse_url_test;
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+----+----------------------------------------------------+
| ID | SAMPLE_URL                                         |
|----+----------------------------------------------------|
|  1 | mailto:abc@xyz.com                                 |
|  2 | https://www.snowflake.com/                         |
|  3 | http://USER:PASS@EXAMPLE.INT:4345/HELLO.PHP?USER=1 |
|  4 | NULL                                               |
+----+----------------------------------------------------+

The following query shows the results of PARSE_URL for the sample URLs:

SELECT PARSE_URL(sample_url) FROM parse_url_test;
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+------------------------------------+
| PARSE_URL(SAMPLE_URL)              |
|------------------------------------|
| {                                  |
|   "fragment": null,                |
|   "host": null,                    |
|   "parameters": null,              |
|   "path": "abc@xyz.com",           |
|   "port": null,                    |
|   "query": null,                   |
|   "scheme": "mailto"               |
| }                                  |
| {                                  |
|   "fragment": null,                |
|   "host": "www.snowflake.com",     |
|   "parameters": null,              |
|   "path": "",                      |
|   "port": null,                    |
|   "query": null,                   |
|   "scheme": "https"                |
| }                                  |
| {                                  |
|   "fragment": null,                |
|   "host": "USER:PASS@EXAMPLE.INT", |
|   "parameters": {                  |
|     "USER": "1"                    |
|   },                               |
|   "path": "HELLO.PHP",             |
|   "port": "4345",                  |
|   "query": "USER=1",               |
|   "scheme": "http"                 |
| }                                  |
| NULL                               |
+------------------------------------+

This query shows the host for each sample URL:

SELECT PARSE_URL(sample_url):host FROM parse_url_test;
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+----------------------------+
| PARSE_URL(SAMPLE_URL):HOST |
|----------------------------|
| null                       |
| "www.snowflake.com"        |
| "USER:PASS@EXAMPLE.INT"    |
| NULL                       |
+----------------------------+

Return the rows where the port is 4345:

SELECT *
  FROM parse_url_test
  WHERE PARSE_URL(sample_url):port = '4345';
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+----+----------------------------------------------------+
| ID | SAMPLE_URL                                         |
|----+----------------------------------------------------|
|  3 | http://USER:PASS@EXAMPLE.INT:4345/HELLO.PHP?USER=1 |
+----+----------------------------------------------------+

Return the rows where the host is www.snowflake.com:

SELECT *
  FROM parse_url_test
  WHERE PARSE_URL(sample_url):host = 'www.snowflake.com';
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+----+----------------------------+
| ID | SAMPLE_URL                 |
|----+----------------------------|
|  2 | https://www.snowflake.com/ |
+----+----------------------------+

Parse invalid URLs¶

Parse an invalid URL that is missing the scheme. Set the permissive argument to 0 to indicate that the function fails if the input is invalid:

SELECT PARSE_URL('example.int/hello.php?user=12#nofragment', 0);
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100139 (22000): Error parsing URL: scheme not specified

Parse an invalid URL, with the permissive argument set to 1 to indicate that the function returns an OBJECT value that contains the error message:

SELECT PARSE_URL('example.int/hello.php?user=12#nofragment', 1);
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+----------------------------------------------------------+
| PARSE_URL('EXAMPLE.INT/HELLO.PHP?USER=12#NOFRAGMENT', 1) |
|----------------------------------------------------------|
| {                                                        |
|   "error": "scheme not specified"                        |
| }                                                        |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
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