Categories:

String & Binary Functions (Case Conversion)

INITCAP

Returns the input string (expr) with the first letter of each word in uppercase and the subsequent letters in lowercase.

Syntax

INITCAP( <expr> [ , <delimiters> ] )
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Usage Notes

  • delimiters is an optional argument specifying a string of one or more characters that INITCAP uses as separators for words in the input expression:

    • If delimiters is not specified, any of the following characters in the input expressions are treated as word separators:

      <whitespace> ! ? @ " ^ # $ & ~ _ , . : ; + - * % / | \ [ ] ( ) { } < >
      
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    • If delimiters is specified, the specified value overrides all of the characters listed above.

  • delimiters supports any UTF-8 characters, including whitespace characters, and is case-sensitive.

  • delimiters must be enclosed in single quotes, e.g. 'x ' (delimiters in this example are x and blank spaces).

  • delimiters specified as an empty string (i.e. '') instructs INITCAP to ignore all delimiters, including whitespace characters, in the input expression (i.e. the input expression is treated as a single, continuous word). The resulting output is a string with the first character capitalized (if the first character is a letter) and all other letters in lowercase.

Collation Details

Arguments with collation specifications are currently not supported.

Examples

This example provides various outputs in different languages using the default delimiters:

SELECT v, INITCAP(v) FROM testinit;

+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+
| C1                              | INITCAP(C1)                     |
|---------------------------------+---------------------------------|
| The Quick Gray Fox              | The Quick Gray Fox              |
| the sky is blue                 | The Sky Is Blue                 |
| OVER the River 2 Times          | Over The River 2 Times          |
| WE CAN HANDLE THIS              | We Can Handle This              |
| HelL0_hi+therE                  | Hell0_Hi+There                  |
| νησί του ποταμού                | Νησί Του Ποταμού                |
| ÄäÖößÜü                         | Ääöößüü                         |
| Hi,are?you!there                | Hi,Are?You!There                |
| to je dobré                     | To Je Dobré                     |
| ÉéÀàè]çÂâ ÊêÎÔô ÛûËÏ ïÜŸÇç ŒœÆæ | Ééààè]Çââ Êêîôô Ûûëï Ïüÿçç Œœææ |
| ĄąĆ ćĘęŁ łŃńÓ óŚśŹźŻż           | Ąąć Ćęęł Łńńó Óśśźźżż           |
| АаБб ВвГгД дЕеЁёЖ жЗзИиЙй       | Аабб Ввггд Дееёёж Жззиийй       |
| ХхЦц ЧчШш ЩщЪъ ЫыЬь ЭэЮ юЯя     | Ххцц Ччшш Щщъъ Ыыьь Ээю Юяя     |
| NULL                            | NULL                            |
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+
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These examples use specified delimiters (through the delimiters argument):

select initcap('this is the new Frame+work', '');

+-------------------------------------------+
| INITCAP('THIS IS THE NEW FRAME+WORK', '') |
|-------------------------------------------|
| This is the new frame+work                |
+-------------------------------------------+

select initcap('iqamqinterestedqinqthisqtopic','q');

+----------------------------------------------+
| INITCAP('IQAMQINTERESTEDQINQTHISQTOPIC','Q') |
|----------------------------------------------|
| IqAmqInterestedqInqThisqTopic                |
+----------------------------------------------+

select initcap('lion☂fRog potato⨊cLoUD', '⨊☂');

+-------------------------------------------+
| INITCAP('LION☂FROG POTATO⨊CLOUD', '⨊☂') |
|-------------------------------------------|
| Lion☂Frog potato⨊Cloud                   |
+-------------------------------------------+

select initcap('apple is僉sweetandballIsROUND', '僉a b');

+---------------------------------------------------+
| INITCAP('APPLE IS僉SWEETANDBALLISROUND', '僉A B') |
|---------------------------------------------------|
| aPple Is僉SweetaNdbaLlisround                     |
+---------------------------------------------------+
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