SnowConvert: Redshift-Ausdrücke¶

Ausdruckslisten¶

Beschreibung¶

Eine Ausdrucksliste ist eine Kombination von Ausdrücken und kann in Mitgliedschafts- und Vergleichsbedingungen (WHERE-Klauseln) und in GROUP BY-Klauseln erscheinen. (Redshift SQL-Referenz: Ausdruckslisten).

Diese Syntax wird in Snowflake vollständig unterstützt.

Grammatikalische Syntax

 expression , expression , ... | (expression, expression, ...)

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Beispielhafte Quellcode-Muster

Datenkonfiguration

 CREATE TABLE table1 (
    quantity VARCHAR(50),
    fruit VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE table2 (
    quantity VARCHAR(50),
    fruit VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE table3 (
    id INT,
    name VARCHAR(50),
    quantity INT,
    fruit VARCHAR(50),
    price INT
);

INSERT INTO table1 (quantity, fruit)
VALUES
    ('one', 'apple'),
    ('two', 'banana'),
    ('three', 'cherry');

INSERT INTO table2 (quantity, fruit)
VALUES
    ('one', 'apple'),
    ('two', 'banana'),
    ('four', 'orange');

INSERT INTO table3 (id, name, quantity, fruit, price)
VALUES
    (1, 'Alice', 1, 'apple', 100),
    (2, 'Bob', 5, 'banana', 200),
    (3, 'Charlie', 10, 'cherry', 300),
    (4, 'David', 15, 'orange', 400);

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IN-Klausel.

Eingabecode:

SELECT *
FROM table3
WHERE quantity IN (1, 5, 10);

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ID	NAME	QUANTITY	FRUIT	PRICE
1	Alice	1	apfel	100
2	Bob	5	banana	200
3	Charlie	10	cherry	300

Ausgabecode:

 SELECT *
FROM
    table3
WHERE quantity IN (1, 5, 10);

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ID	NAME	QUANTITY	FRUIT	PRICE
1	Alice	1	apfel	100
2	Bob	5	banana	200
3	Charlie	10	cherry	300

Vergleiche

Input Code:

 SELECT *
FROM table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) = (1, 'apple');

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ID	NAME	QUANTITY	FRUIT	PRICE
1	Alice	1	apfel	100

Output Code:

 SELECT *
FROM
    table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) = (1, 'apple');

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ID	NAME	QUANTITY	FRUIT	PRICE
1	Alice	1	apfel	100

Bemerkung

Ausdruckslistenvergleiche mit den folgenden Operatoren können sich in Snowflake anders verhalten. (<, <= , >, >=). Diese Operatoren werden in logische AND-Operationen umgewandelt, um eine vollständige Äquivalenz in Snowflake zu erreichen.

Eingabecode:¶

 SELECT (1,8,20) < (2,2,0) as r1,
       (1,null,2) > (1,0,8) as r2,
       (null,null,2) < (1,0,8) as r3,
       (1,0,null) <= (1,1,0) as r4,
       (1,1,0) >= (1,1,20) as r5;

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R1	R2	R3	R4	R5
FALSE	FALSE	NULL	NULL	FALSE

Ausgabecode:¶

 SELECT
    (1 < 2
    AND 8 < 2
    AND 20 < 0) as r1,
    (1 > 1
    AND null > 0
    AND 2 > 8) as r2,
    (null < 1
    AND null < 0
    AND 2 < 8) as r3,
    (1 <= 1
    AND 0 <= 1
    AND null <= 0) as r4,
    (1 >= 1
    AND 1 >= 1
    AND 0 >= 20) as r5;

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R1	R2	R3	R4	R5
FALSE	FALSE	NULL	NULL	FALSE

Verschachtelte Tupel¶

Eingabecode:¶

 SELECT *
FROM table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) IN ((1, 'apple'), (5, 'banana'), (10, 'cherry'));

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ID	NAME	QUANTITY	FRUIT	PRICE
1	Alice	1	apfel	100
2	Bob	5	banana	200
3	Charlie	10	cherry	300

Ausgabecode¶

 SELECT *
FROM
    table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) IN ((1, 'apple'), (5, 'banana'), (10, 'cherry'));

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ID	NAME	QUANTITY	FRUIT	PRICE
1	Alice	1	apfel	100
2	Bob	5	banana	200
3	Charlie	10	cherry	300

CASE-Anweisung¶

Eingabecode:¶

 SELECT
    CASE
        WHEN quantity IN (1, 5, 10) THEN 'Found'
        ELSE 'Not Found'
    END AS result
FROM table3;

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RESULT
Gefunden
Gefunden
Gefunden
Nicht gefunden
Nicht gefunden
Nicht gefunden

Ausgabecode¶

 SELECT
    CASE
        WHEN quantity IN (1, 5, 10) THEN 'Found'
        ELSE 'Not Found'
    END AS result
FROM
    table3;

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RESULT
Gefunden
Gefunden
Gefunden
Nicht gefunden
Nicht gefunden
Nicht gefunden

Mehrere Ausdrücke¶

Eingabecode:¶

 SELECT *
FROM table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) IN ((1, 'apple'), (5, 'banana'), (10, 'cherry'))
  AND price IN (100, 200, 300);

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ID	NAME	QUANTITY	FRUIT	PRICE
1	Alice	1	apfel	100
2	Bob	5	banana	200
3	Charlie	10	cherry	300

Ausgabecode¶

 SELECT *
FROM
    table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) IN ((1, 'apple'), (5, 'banana'), (10, 'cherry'))
  AND price IN (100, 200, 300);

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ID	NAME	QUANTITY	FRUIT	PRICE
1	Alice	1	apfel	100
2	Bob	5	banana	200
3	Charlie	10	cherry	300

Joins¶

Eingabecode:¶

 SELECT *
FROM table1 t1
JOIN table2 t2
    ON (t1.quantity, t1.fruit) = (t2.quantity, t2.fruit)
WHERE t1.quantity = 'one' AND t1.fruit = 'apple';

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QUANTITY	FRUIT	QUANTITY	FRUIT
ein/e	apfel	ein/e	apfel

Ausgabecode¶

 SELECT *
FROM
table1 t1
JOIN
        table2 t2
    ON (t1.quantity, t1.fruit) = (t2.quantity, t2.fruit)
WHERE t1.quantity = 'one' AND t1.fruit = 'apple';

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QUANTITY	FRUIT	QUANTITY	FRUIT
ein/e	apfel	ein/e	apfel

Bekannte Probleme ¶

Es wurden keine Probleme gefunden.

Zusammengesetzte Ausdrücke¶

Beschreibung ¶

Ein zusammengesetzter Ausdruck ist eine Reihe von einfachen Ausdrücken, die durch arithmetische Operatoren verbunden sind. Ein einfacher Ausdruck, der in einem zusammengesetzten Ausdruck verwendet wird, muss einen numerischen Wert zurückgeben. (RedShift SQL-Referenz: Zusammengesetzte Ausdrücke)

Grammatikalische Syntax ¶

 expression operator {expression | (compound_expression)}

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Umrechnungstabelle¶

Redshift	Snowflake	Comments
`\|\|` (Concatenation)	`\|\|`	Fully supported by Snowflake

Beispielhafte Quellcode-Muster¶

Eingabecode:¶

 CREATE TABLE concatenation_demo (
    col1 VARCHAR(20),
    col2 INTEGER,
    col3 DATE
);

INSERT INTO concatenation_demo (col1, col2, col3) VALUES
('Hello', 42, '2023-12-01'),
(NULL, 0, '2024-01-01'),
('Redshift', -7, NULL);

SELECT 
    col1 || ' has number ' || col2 AS concat_string_number
FROM concatenation_demo;

SELECT 
    col1 || ' on ' || col3 AS concat_string_date
FROM concatenation_demo;

SELECT
    COALESCE(col1, 'Unknown') || ' with number ' || COALESCE(CAST(col2 AS VARCHAR), 'N/A') AS concat_with_null_handling
FROM concatenation_demo;

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concat_string_number
Hallo hat die Nummer 42
<NULL>
Redshift hat die Nummer -7

concat_string_date
Hallo am 2023-12-01
<NULL>
<NULL>

concat_with_null_handling
Hallo mit der Nummer 42
Unbekannt mit Nummer 0
Redshift mit Nummer -7

Ausgabecode:

 CREATE TABLE concatenation_demo (
    col1 VARCHAR(20),
    col2 INTEGER,
    col3 DATE
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "redshift",  "convertedOn": "12/16/2024",  "domain": "test" }}';

INSERT INTO concatenation_demo (col1, col2, col3) VALUES
('Hello', 42, '2023-12-01'),
(NULL, 0, '2024-01-01'),
('Redshift', -7, NULL);

SELECT
    col1 || ' has number ' || col2 AS concat_string_number
FROM
    concatenation_demo;

SELECT
    col1 || ' on ' || col3 AS concat_string_date
FROM
    concatenation_demo;

SELECT
    COALESCE(col1, 'Unknown') || ' with number ' || COALESCE(CAST(col2 AS VARCHAR), 'N/A') AS concat_with_null_handling
FROM
    concatenation_demo;

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concat_string_number
Hallo hat die Nummer 42
<NULL>
Redshift hat die Nummer -7

concat_string_date
Hallo am 2023-12-01
<NULL>
<NULL>

concat_with_null_handling
Hallo mit der Nummer 42
Unbekannt mit Nummer 0
Redshift mit Nummer -7

Bekannte Probleme¶

Es wurden keine Probleme gefunden.

Zugehörige EWIs¶

Es gibt keine bekannten Probleme.

Arithmetische Operatoren¶

Übersetzung für arithmetische Operatoren

Umrechnungstabelle¶

Redshift	Snowflake	Comments
+/- (positive and negative sign/operator)	+/-	Fully supported by Snowflake
^ (exponentiation)	POWER	Fully supported by Snowflake
* (multiplication)	*	Fully supported by Snowflake
/ (division)	/	Redshift division between integers always returns integer value, FLOOR function is added to emulate this behavior.
% (modulo)	%	Fully supported by Snowflake
+ (addition)	+ and \|\|	Fully supported by Snowflake. When string are added, it is transformed to a concat.
- (subtraction)	-	Fully supported by Snowflake
@ (absolute value)	ABS	Fully supported by Snowflake
\|/ (square root)	SQRT	Fully supported by Snowflake
\|\|/ (cube root)	CBRT	Fully supported by Snowflake

Beispielhafte Quellcode-Muster¶

Addition, Subtraktion, Positiv & Negativ¶

Eingabecode:

 CREATE TABLE test_math_operations (
    base_value DECIMAL(10, 2),
    multiplier INT,
    divisor INT,
    description VARCHAR(100),
    created_at TIMESTAMP,
    category VARCHAR(50)
);


INSERT INTO test_math_operations (base_value, multiplier, divisor, description, created_at, category)
VALUES
(100.50, 2, 5, 'Basic test', '2024-12-01 10:30:00', 'Type A'),
(250.75, 3, 10, 'Complex operations', '2024-12-02 15:45:00', 'Type B'),
(-50.25, 5, 8, 'Negative base value', '2024-12-03 20:00:00', 'Type C'),
(0, 10, 2, 'Zero base value', '2024-12-04 09:15:00', 'Type D');


SELECT +base_value AS positive_value,
       -base_value AS negative_value,
       (base_value + multiplier - divisor) AS add_sub_result,
       created_at + INTERVAL '1 day' AS next_day,
       created_at - INTERVAL '1 hour' AS one_hour_before,
       description + category as string_sum,
       base_value + '5' as int_string_sum,
       '5' + base_value as string_int_sum
FROM test_math_operations;

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positive_value	negative_value	add_sub_result	next_day	one_hour_before	string_sum	int_string_sum	string_int_sum
100.50	-100.50	97.50	2024-12-02 10:30:00.000000	2024-12-01 09:30:00.000000	Basic testType A	105.5	105.5
250.75	-250.75	243.75	2024-12-03 15:45:00.000000	2024-12-02 14:45:00.000000	Complex operationsType B	255.75	255.75
-50.25	50.25	-53.25	2024-12-04 20:00:00.000000	2024-12-03 19:00:00.000000	Negative base valueType C	-45.25	-45.25
0.00	0.00	8.00	2024-12-05 09:15:00.000000	2024-12-04 08:15:00.000000	Zero base valueType D	5	5

Ausgabecode:

 CREATE TABLE test_math_operations (
    base_value DECIMAL(10, 2),
    multiplier INT,
    divisor INT,
    description VARCHAR(100),
    created_at TIMESTAMP,
    category VARCHAR(50)
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "redshift",  "convertedOn": "12/16/2024",  "domain": "test" }}';


INSERT INTO test_math_operations (base_value, multiplier, divisor, description, created_at, category)
VALUES
(100.50, 2, 5, 'Basic test', '2024-12-01 10:30:00', 'Type A'),
(250.75, 3, 10, 'Complex operations', '2024-12-02 15:45:00', 'Type B'),
(-50.25, 5, 8, 'Negative base value', '2024-12-03 20:00:00', 'Type C'),
(0, 10, 2, 'Zero base value', '2024-12-04 09:15:00', 'Type D');


SELECT +base_value AS positive_value,
       -base_value AS negative_value,
       (base_value + multiplier - divisor) AS add_sub_result,
       created_at + INTERVAL '1 day' AS next_day,
       created_at - INTERVAL '1 hour' AS one_hour_before,
       description || category as string_sum,
       base_value + '5' as int_string_sum,
       '5' + base_value as string_int_sum
FROM
       test_math_operations;

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positive_value	negative_value	add_sub_result	next_day	one_hour_before	string_sum	int_string_sum	string_int_sum
100.5	-100.5	97.5	2024-12-02 10:30:00	2024-12-01 09:30:00	Basic testType A	105.5	105.5
250.75	-250.75	243.75	2024-12-03 15:45:00	2024-12-02 14:45:00	Complex operationsType B	255.75	255.75
-50.25	50.25	-53.25	2024-12-04 20:00:00	2024-12-03 19:00:00	Negative base valueType C	-45.25	-45.25
0	0	8	2024-12-05 09:15:00	2024-12-04 08:15:00	Zero base valueType D	5	5

Potenzierung, Multiplikation, Division & Modulo¶

Eingabecode:

 CREATE TABLE test_math_operations (
    base_value DECIMAL(10, 2),
    multiplier INT,
    divisor INT,
    mod_value INT,
    exponent INT
);

INSERT INTO test_math_operations (base_value, multiplier, divisor, mod_value, exponent)
VALUES
(100.50, 2, 5, 3, 2),
(250.75, 3, 10, 7, 3),
(-50.25, 5, 8, 4, 4),
(0, 10, 2, 1, 5);

SELECT
    base_value ^ exponent AS raised_to_exponent,
    (base_value * multiplier) AS multiplied_value,
    (base_value / divisor) AS divided_value,
    base_value::int / divisor as int_division,
    (mod_value % 2) AS modulo_result,
    (base_value + multiplier - divisor) AS add_sub_result,
    (base_value + (multiplier * (divisor - mod_value))) AS controlled_eval
FROM
    test_math_operations;

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raised_to_exponent	multiplied_value	divided_value	int_division	modulo_result	add_sub_result	controlled_eval
10100.25	201	20.1	20	1	97.5	104.5
15766047.296875	752.25	25.075	25	1	243.75	259.75
6375940.62890625	-251.25	-6.28125	-6	0	-53.25	-30.25
0	0	0	0	1	8	10

Ausgabecode:

 CREATE TABLE test_math_operations (
    base_value DECIMAL(10, 2),
    multiplier INT,
    divisor INT,
    mod_value INT,
    exponent INT
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "redshift",  "convertedOn": "12/10/2024",  "domain": "test" }}';

INSERT INTO test_math_operations (base_value, multiplier, divisor, mod_value, exponent)
VALUES
(100.50, 2, 5, 3, 2),
(250.75, 3, 10, 7, 3),
(-50.25, 5, 8, 4, 4),
(0, 10, 2, 1, 5);

SELECT
    POWER(
    base_value, exponent) AS raised_to_exponent,
    (base_value * multiplier) AS multiplied_value,
    (base_value / divisor) AS divided_value,
    FLOOR(
    base_value::int / divisor) as int_division,
    (mod_value % 2) AS modulo_result,
    (base_value + multiplier - divisor) AS add_sub_result,
    (base_value + (multiplier * (divisor - mod_value))) AS controlled_eval
FROM
    test_math_operations;

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raised_to_exponent	multiplied_value	divided_value	int_division	modulo_result	add_sub_result	controlled_eval
10100.25	201	20.1	20	1	97.5	104.5
15766047.2969	752.25	25.075	25	1	243.75	259.75
6375940.6289	-251.25	-6.2812	-7	0	-53.25	-30.25
0	0	0	0	1	8	10

Absoluter Wert, Quadratwurzel und Kubikwurzel¶

Eingabecode:

 CREATE TABLE unary_operators
(
    col1 INTEGER,
    col2 INTEGER
);

INSERT INTO unary_operators VALUES
(14, 10),
(-8, 8),
(975, 173),
(-1273, 187);

SELECT
|/ col2 AS square_root,
||/ col1 AS cube_root,
@ col1 AS absolute_value
FROM unary_operators;

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+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+
|square_root        |cube_root           |absolute_value|
+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+
|3.1622776601683795 |2.4101422641752306  |14            |
|2.8284271247461903 |-2                  |8             |
|13.152946437965905 |9.915962413403873   |975           |
|13.674794331177344 |-10.837841647592736 |1273          |
+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+

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Ausgabecode:

 CREATE TABLE unary_operators
(
    col1 INTEGER,
    col2 INTEGER
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": {  "major": 0,  "minor": 0,  "patch": "0" }, "attributes": {  "component": "redshift",  "convertedOn": "12/17/2024",  "domain": "test" }}';

INSERT INTO unary_operators
VALUES
(14, 10),
(-8, 8),
(975, 173),
(-1273, 187);

SELECT
    SQRT(col2) AS square_root,
    CBRT(col1) AS cube_root,
    ABS(col1) AS absolute_value
FROM
    unary_operators;

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+-------------+--------------+--------------+
|square_root  |cube_root     |absolute_value|
+-------------+--------------+--------------+
|3.16227766   |2.410142264   |14            |
|2.828427125  |-2            |8             |
|13.152946438 |9.915962413   |975           |
|13.674794331 |-10.837841648 |1273          |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+

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Bekannte Probleme¶

In Snowflake ist es möglich, die unären Operatoren +und - mit Zeichenfolgenwerten zu verwenden, in Redshift ist dies jedoch nicht zulässig.

Zugehörige EWIs¶

Keine zugehörigen EWIs.

Bitweise Operatoren¶

Übersetzung für bitweise Operatoren

Umrechnungstabelle¶

Redshift	Snowflake	Comments
`&` (AND)	`BITAND`	Fully supported by Snowflake
`\|` (OR)	`BITOR`	Fully supported by Snowflake
`<<` (Shift Left)	`BITSHIFTLEFT`
`>>` (Shift Right)	`BITSHIFTRIGHT`
`#` (XOR)	`BITXOR`	Fully supported by Snowflake
`~` (NOT)	`BITNOT`	Fully supported by Snowflake

Beispielhafte Quellcode-Muster¶

Datenkonfiguration¶

Redshift

 CREATE TABLE bitwise_demo (
    col1 INTEGER,
    col2 INTEGER,
    col3 INTEGER,
    col4 VARBYTE(5),
    col5 VARBYTE(7)
);

INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) VALUES
-- Binary: 110, 011, 1111, 0100100001100101011011000110110001101111, 0100100001101001
(6, 3, 15, 'Hello'::VARBYTE, 'Hi'::VARBYTE),
-- Binary: 1010, 0101, 0111, 0100000101000010, 01000011
(10, 5, 7, 'AB'::VARBYTE, 'C'::VARBYTE),   
-- Binary: 11111111, 10000000, 01000000, 010000100111100101100101, 01000111011011110110111101100100010000100111100101100101
(255, 128, 64, 'Bye'::VARBYTE, 'GoodBye'::VARBYTE),
-- Edge case with small numbers and a negative number
(1, 0, -1, 'Hey'::VARBYTE, 'Ya'::VARBYTE);

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Snowflake

 CREATE TABLE bitwise_demo (
    col1 INTEGER,
    col2 INTEGER,
    col3 INTEGER,
    col4 BINARY(5),
    col5 BINARY(7)
);

-- Binary: 110, 011, 1111, 0100100001100101011011000110110001101111, 0100100001101001
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) SELECT 6, 3, 15, TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Hello')), TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Hi'));  
-- Binary: 1010, 0101, 0111, 0100000101000010, 01000011 
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) SELECT 10, 5, 7, TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('AB')), TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('C'));   
-- Binary: 11111111, 10000000, 01000000, 010000100111100101100101, 01000111011011110110111101100100010000100111100101100101
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) SELECT 255, 128, 64, TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Bye')), TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('GoodBye')); 
-- Edge case with small numbers and a negative number
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) SELECT 1, 0, -1, TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Hey')), TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Ya'));

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Bitweise Operatoren auf Ganzzahlwerte¶

Eingabecode:

 SELECT
    -- Bitwise AND
    col1 & col2 AS bitwise_and,  -- col1 AND col2

    -- Bitwise OR
    col1 | col2 AS bitwise_or,   -- col1 OR col2

    -- Left Shift
    col3 << 1 AS left_shift_col3, -- col3 shifted left by 1

    -- Right Shift
    col3 >> 1 AS right_shift_col3, -- col3 shifted right by 1

    -- XOR
    col1 # col2 AS bitwise_xor, -- col1 XOR col2

    -- NOT
    ~ col3 AS bitwise_not -- NOT col3

FROM bitwise_demo;

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+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
| bitwise_and | bitwise_or | left_shift_col3 | right_shift_col3 | bitwise_xor | bitwise_not |
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
|2            |7           |30               |7                 |5            |-16          |
|0            |15          |14               |3                 |15           |-8           |
|128          |255         |128              |32                |127          |-65          |
|0            |1           |-2               |-1                |1            |0            |
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+

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Ausgabecode:

 SELECT
        BITAND(
        -- Bitwise AND
        col1, col2) AS bitwise_and,  -- col1 AND col2
        BITOR(

        -- Bitwise OR
        col1, col2) AS bitwise_or,   -- col1 OR col2
        -- Left Shift
        --** SSC-FDM-PG0010 - RESULTS MAY VARY DUE TO THE BEHAVIOR OF SNOWFLAKE'S BITSHIFTLEFT BITWISE FUNCTION **
        BITSHIFTLEFT(
        col3, 1) AS left_shift_col3, -- col3 shifted left by 1
        -- Right Shift
        --** SSC-FDM-PG0010 - RESULTS MAY VARY DUE TO THE BEHAVIOR OF SNOWFLAKE'S BITSHIFTRIGHT BITWISE FUNCTION **
        BITSHIFTRIGHT(
        col3, 1) AS right_shift_col3, -- col3 shifted right by 1
        BITXOR(

        -- XOR
        col1, col2) AS bitwise_xor, -- col1 XOR col2
        -- NOT
        BITNOT(col3) AS bitwise_not -- NOT col3
FROM
        bitwise_demo;

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+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
| bitwise_and | bitwise_or | left_shift_col3 | right_shift_col3 | bitwise_xor | bitwise_not |
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
|2            |7           |30               |7                 |5            |-16          |
|0            |15          |14               |3                 |15           |-8           |
|128          |255         |128              |32                |127          |-65          |
|0            |1           |-2               |-1                |1            |0            |
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+

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Bitweise Operatoren auf binären Daten¶

Bei den Funktionen BITAND, BITOR und BITXOR wird der Parameter'LEFT' hinzugefügt, um eine Auffüllung einzufügen, falls die beiden Binärwerte unterschiedlich lang sind. Dies geschieht, um Fehler beim Vergleich der Werte in Snowflake zu vermeiden.

Redshift

 SELECT
    -- Bitwise AND
    col4 & col5 AS bitwise_and,  -- col4 AND col5

    -- Bitwise OR
    col4 | col5 AS bitwise_or,   -- col4 OR col5

    -- XOR
    col4 # col5 AS bitwise_xor, -- col4 XOR col5

    -- NOT
    ~ col4 AS bitwise_not -- NOT col4

FROM bitwise_demo;

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+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-------------+
| bitwise_and     | bitwise_or      | bitwise_xor     | bitwise_not |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-------------+
|0x0000004869     |0x48656C6C6F     |0x48656C2406     |0xB79A939390 |
|0x0042           |0x4143           |0x4101           |0xBEBD       |
|0x00000000427965 |0x476F6F64427965 |0x476F6F64000000 |0xBD869A     |
|0x004161         |0x487D79         |0x483C18         |0xB79A86     |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-------------+

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Snowflake

 SELECT
    BITAND(
    -- Bitwise AND
    col4, col5, 'LEFT') AS bitwise_and,  -- col4 AND col5
    BITOR(

    -- Bitwise OR
    col4, col5, 'LEFT') AS bitwise_or,   -- col4 OR col5

    -- XOR
    BITXOR(col4, col5, 'LEFT') AS bitwise_xor, -- col4 XOR col5

    -- NOT
    BITNOT(col4) AS bitwise_not -- NOT col4
    
    FROM bitwise_demo;

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+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------+
| bitwise_and   | bitwise_or    | bitwise_xor   | bitwise_not |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------+
|0000004869     |48656C6C6F     |48656C2406     |B79A939390   |
|0042           |4143           |4101           |BEBD         |
|00000000427965 |476F6F64427965 |476F6F64000000 |BD869A       |
|004161         |487D79         |483C18         |B79A86       |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------+

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Bekannte Probleme¶

Es wurden keine Probleme gefunden.

Zugehörige EWIs¶

[SSC-FDM-PG0010](../../general/technical-documentation/issues-and-troubleshooting/functional-difference/postgresqlFDM. md#ssc-fdm-pg0010): Die Ergebnisse können aufgrund des Verhaltens der bitweisen Funktion von Snowflake variieren.