SnowConvert: Redshift式¶
式リスト¶
説明¶
式リストは式の組み合わせで、メンバーシップ条件や比較条件(WHERE 句)や GROUP BY 句で使用できます。(Redshift SQL 言語リファレンス式リスト)。
この構文はSnowflakeで完全にサポートされています。
文法構文
expression , expression , ... | (expression, expression, ...)
サンプルソースパターン
セットアップデータ
CREATE TABLE table1 (
quantity VARCHAR(50),
fruit VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE table2 (
quantity VARCHAR(50),
fruit VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE table3 (
id INT,
name VARCHAR(50),
quantity INT,
fruit VARCHAR(50),
price INT
);
INSERT INTO table1 (quantity, fruit)
VALUES
('one', 'apple'),
('two', 'banana'),
('three', 'cherry');
INSERT INTO table2 (quantity, fruit)
VALUES
('one', 'apple'),
('two', 'banana'),
('four', 'orange');
INSERT INTO table3 (id, name, quantity, fruit, price)
VALUES
(1, 'Alice', 1, 'apple', 100),
(2, 'Bob', 5, 'banana', 200),
(3, 'Charlie', 10, 'cherry', 300),
(4, 'David', 15, 'orange', 400);
IN 句
入力コード:
SELECT *
FROM table3
WHERE quantity IN (1, 5, 10);
ID |
NAME |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
PRICE |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
アリス |
1 |
apple |
100 |
2 |
ボブ |
5 |
banana |
200 |
3 |
チャーリー |
10 |
cherry |
300 |
出力コード:
SELECT *
FROM
table3
WHERE quantity IN (1, 5, 10);
ID |
NAME |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
PRICE |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
アリス |
1 |
apple |
100 |
2 |
ボブ |
5 |
banana |
200 |
3 |
チャーリー |
10 |
cherry |
300 |
比較
Input Code:
SELECT *
FROM table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) = (1, 'apple');
ID |
NAME |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
PRICE |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
アリス |
1 |
apple |
100 |
Output Code:
SELECT *
FROM
table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) = (1, 'apple');
ID |
NAME |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
PRICE |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
アリス |
1 |
apple |
100 |
注釈
以下の演算子による式リスト比較は、Snowflakeでは動作が異なる場合があります。(<、<=、>、>=
)。これらの演算子は、Snowflakeで完全な等価性を実現するために論理的 AND
操作に変換されます。
入力コード:¶
SELECT (1,8,20) < (2,2,0) as r1,
(1,null,2) > (1,0,8) as r2,
(null,null,2) < (1,0,8) as r3,
(1,0,null) <= (1,1,0) as r4,
(1,1,0) >= (1,1,20) as r5;
R1 |
R2 |
R3 |
R4 |
R5 |
---|---|---|---|---|
FALSE |
FALSE |
NULL |
NULL |
FALSE |
出力コード:¶
SELECT
(1 < 2
AND 8 < 2
AND 20 < 0) as r1,
(1 > 1
AND null > 0
AND 2 > 8) as r2,
(null < 1
AND null < 0
AND 2 < 8) as r3,
(1 <= 1
AND 0 <= 1
AND null <= 0) as r4,
(1 >= 1
AND 1 >= 1
AND 0 >= 20) as r5;
R1 |
R2 |
R3 |
R4 |
R5 |
---|---|---|---|---|
FALSE |
FALSE |
NULL |
NULL |
FALSE |
ネストされたタプル¶
入力コード:¶
SELECT *
FROM table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) IN ((1, 'apple'), (5, 'banana'), (10, 'cherry'));
ID |
NAME |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
PRICE |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
アリス |
1 |
apple |
100 |
2 |
ボブ |
5 |
banana |
200 |
3 |
チャーリー |
10 |
cherry |
300 |
出力コード¶
SELECT *
FROM
table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) IN ((1, 'apple'), (5, 'banana'), (10, 'cherry'));
ID |
NAME |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
PRICE |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
アリス |
1 |
apple |
100 |
2 |
ボブ |
5 |
banana |
200 |
3 |
チャーリー |
10 |
cherry |
300 |
ケースステートメント¶
入力コード:¶
SELECT
CASE
WHEN quantity IN (1, 5, 10) THEN 'Found'
ELSE 'Not Found'
END AS result
FROM table3;
RESULT |
---|
見つかりました |
見つかりました |
見つかりました |
見つかりません |
見つかりません |
見つかりません |
出力コード¶
SELECT
CASE
WHEN quantity IN (1, 5, 10) THEN 'Found'
ELSE 'Not Found'
END AS result
FROM
table3;
RESULT |
---|
見つかりました |
見つかりました |
見つかりました |
見つかりません |
見つかりません |
見つかりません |
複数の式¶
入力コード:¶
SELECT *
FROM table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) IN ((1, 'apple'), (5, 'banana'), (10, 'cherry'))
AND price IN (100, 200, 300);
ID |
NAME |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
PRICE |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
アリス |
1 |
apple |
100 |
2 |
ボブ |
5 |
banana |
200 |
3 |
チャーリー |
10 |
cherry |
300 |
出力コード¶
SELECT *
FROM
table3
WHERE (quantity, fruit) IN ((1, 'apple'), (5, 'banana'), (10, 'cherry'))
AND price IN (100, 200, 300);
ID |
NAME |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
PRICE |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
アリス |
1 |
apple |
100 |
2 |
ボブ |
5 |
banana |
200 |
3 |
チャーリー |
10 |
cherry |
300 |
結合¶
入力コード:¶
SELECT *
FROM table1 t1
JOIN table2 t2
ON (t1.quantity, t1.fruit) = (t2.quantity, t2.fruit)
WHERE t1.quantity = 'one' AND t1.fruit = 'apple';
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
---|---|---|---|
one |
apple |
one |
apple |
出力コード¶
SELECT *
FROM
table1 t1
JOIN
table2 t2
ON (t1.quantity, t1.fruit) = (t2.quantity, t2.fruit)
WHERE t1.quantity = 'one' AND t1.fruit = 'apple';
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
QUANTITY |
FRUIT |
---|---|---|---|
one |
apple |
one |
apple |
既知の問題¶
問題は見つかりませんでした。
複合式¶
説明¶
複合式は、算術演算子によって結合された一連の単純式です。複合式の中で使用される単純式は、必ず数値を返さなければなりません。(RedShift SQL 言語リファレンス複合式)
文法構文¶
expression operator {expression | (compound_expression)}
換算テーブル¶
Redshift | Snowflake | Comments |
---|---|---|
|| (Concatenation) | || | Fully supported by Snowflake |
サンプルソースパターン¶
入力コード:¶
CREATE TABLE concatenation_demo (
col1 VARCHAR(20),
col2 INTEGER,
col3 DATE
);
INSERT INTO concatenation_demo (col1, col2, col3) VALUES
('Hello', 42, '2023-12-01'),
(NULL, 0, '2024-01-01'),
('Redshift', -7, NULL);
SELECT
col1 || ' has number ' || col2 AS concat_string_number
FROM concatenation_demo;
SELECT
col1 || ' on ' || col3 AS concat_string_date
FROM concatenation_demo;
SELECT
COALESCE(col1, 'Unknown') || ' with number ' || COALESCE(CAST(col2 AS VARCHAR), 'N/A') AS concat_with_null_handling
FROM concatenation_demo;
concat_string_number |
---|
Helloは42番です |
<NULL> |
Redshiftは-7番です |
concat_string_date |
---|
2023年12月1日のHello |
<NULL> |
<NULL> |
concat_with_null_handling |
---|
42番のHello |
0番の不明 |
-7番のRedshift |
出力コード:
CREATE TABLE concatenation_demo (
col1 VARCHAR(20),
col2 INTEGER,
col3 DATE
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": { "major": 0, "minor": 0, "patch": "0" }, "attributes": { "component": "redshift", "convertedOn": "12/16/2024", "domain": "test" }}';
INSERT INTO concatenation_demo (col1, col2, col3) VALUES
('Hello', 42, '2023-12-01'),
(NULL, 0, '2024-01-01'),
('Redshift', -7, NULL);
SELECT
col1 || ' has number ' || col2 AS concat_string_number
FROM
concatenation_demo;
SELECT
col1 || ' on ' || col3 AS concat_string_date
FROM
concatenation_demo;
SELECT
COALESCE(col1, 'Unknown') || ' with number ' || COALESCE(CAST(col2 AS VARCHAR), 'N/A') AS concat_with_null_handling
FROM
concatenation_demo;
concat_string_number |
---|
Helloは42番です |
<NULL> |
Redshiftは-7番です |
concat_string_date |
---|
2023年12月1日のHello |
<NULL> |
<NULL> |
concat_with_null_handling |
---|
42番のHello |
0番の不明 |
-7番のRedshift |
既知の問題¶
問題は見つかりませんでした。
関連 EWIs¶
既知の問題はありません。
算術演算子¶
算術演算子の翻訳
換算テーブル¶
Redshift | Snowflake | Comments |
---|---|---|
+/- (positive and negative sign/operator) | +/- | Fully supported by Snowflake |
^ (exponentiation) | POWER | Fully supported by Snowflake |
* (multiplication) | * | Fully supported by Snowflake |
/ (division) | / | Redshift division between integers always returns integer value, FLOOR function is added to emulate this behavior. |
% (modulo) | % | Fully supported by Snowflake |
+ (addition) | + and || | Fully supported by Snowflake. When string are added, it is transformed to a concat. |
- (subtraction) | - | Fully supported by Snowflake |
@ (absolute value) | ABS | Fully supported by Snowflake |
|/ (square root) | SQRT | Fully supported by Snowflake |
||/ (cube root) | CBRT | Fully supported by Snowflake |
サンプルソースパターン¶
足し算、引き算、正および負¶
入力コード:
CREATE TABLE test_math_operations (
base_value DECIMAL(10, 2),
multiplier INT,
divisor INT,
description VARCHAR(100),
created_at TIMESTAMP,
category VARCHAR(50)
);
INSERT INTO test_math_operations (base_value, multiplier, divisor, description, created_at, category)
VALUES
(100.50, 2, 5, 'Basic test', '2024-12-01 10:30:00', 'Type A'),
(250.75, 3, 10, 'Complex operations', '2024-12-02 15:45:00', 'Type B'),
(-50.25, 5, 8, 'Negative base value', '2024-12-03 20:00:00', 'Type C'),
(0, 10, 2, 'Zero base value', '2024-12-04 09:15:00', 'Type D');
SELECT +base_value AS positive_value,
-base_value AS negative_value,
(base_value + multiplier - divisor) AS add_sub_result,
created_at + INTERVAL '1 day' AS next_day,
created_at - INTERVAL '1 hour' AS one_hour_before,
description + category as string_sum,
base_value + '5' as int_string_sum,
'5' + base_value as string_int_sum
FROM test_math_operations;
positive_value | negative_value | add_sub_result | next_day | one_hour_before | string_sum | int_string_sum | string_int_sum |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100.50 | -100.50 | 97.50 | 2024-12-02 10:30:00.000000 | 2024-12-01 09:30:00.000000 | Basic testType A | 105.5 | 105.5 |
250.75 | -250.75 | 243.75 | 2024-12-03 15:45:00.000000 | 2024-12-02 14:45:00.000000 | Complex operationsType B | 255.75 | 255.75 |
-50.25 | 50.25 | -53.25 | 2024-12-04 20:00:00.000000 | 2024-12-03 19:00:00.000000 | Negative base valueType C | -45.25 | -45.25 |
0.00 | 0.00 | 8.00 | 2024-12-05 09:15:00.000000 | 2024-12-04 08:15:00.000000 | Zero base valueType D | 5 | 5 |
出力コード:
CREATE TABLE test_math_operations (
base_value DECIMAL(10, 2),
multiplier INT,
divisor INT,
description VARCHAR(100),
created_at TIMESTAMP,
category VARCHAR(50)
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": { "major": 0, "minor": 0, "patch": "0" }, "attributes": { "component": "redshift", "convertedOn": "12/16/2024", "domain": "test" }}';
INSERT INTO test_math_operations (base_value, multiplier, divisor, description, created_at, category)
VALUES
(100.50, 2, 5, 'Basic test', '2024-12-01 10:30:00', 'Type A'),
(250.75, 3, 10, 'Complex operations', '2024-12-02 15:45:00', 'Type B'),
(-50.25, 5, 8, 'Negative base value', '2024-12-03 20:00:00', 'Type C'),
(0, 10, 2, 'Zero base value', '2024-12-04 09:15:00', 'Type D');
SELECT +base_value AS positive_value,
-base_value AS negative_value,
(base_value + multiplier - divisor) AS add_sub_result,
created_at + INTERVAL '1 day' AS next_day,
created_at - INTERVAL '1 hour' AS one_hour_before,
description || category as string_sum,
base_value + '5' as int_string_sum,
'5' + base_value as string_int_sum
FROM
test_math_operations;
positive_value | negative_value | add_sub_result | next_day | one_hour_before | string_sum | int_string_sum | string_int_sum |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100.5 | -100.5 | 97.5 | 2024-12-02 10:30:00 | 2024-12-01 09:30:00 | Basic testType A | 105.5 | 105.5 |
250.75 | -250.75 | 243.75 | 2024-12-03 15:45:00 | 2024-12-02 14:45:00 | Complex operationsType B | 255.75 | 255.75 |
-50.25 | 50.25 | -53.25 | 2024-12-04 20:00:00 | 2024-12-03 19:00:00 | Negative base valueType C | -45.25 | -45.25 |
0 | 0 | 8 | 2024-12-05 09:15:00 | 2024-12-04 08:15:00 | Zero base valueType D | 5 | 5 |
指数、乗算、除算および剰余¶
入力コード:
CREATE TABLE test_math_operations (
base_value DECIMAL(10, 2),
multiplier INT,
divisor INT,
mod_value INT,
exponent INT
);
INSERT INTO test_math_operations (base_value, multiplier, divisor, mod_value, exponent)
VALUES
(100.50, 2, 5, 3, 2),
(250.75, 3, 10, 7, 3),
(-50.25, 5, 8, 4, 4),
(0, 10, 2, 1, 5);
SELECT
base_value ^ exponent AS raised_to_exponent,
(base_value * multiplier) AS multiplied_value,
(base_value / divisor) AS divided_value,
base_value::int / divisor as int_division,
(mod_value % 2) AS modulo_result,
(base_value + multiplier - divisor) AS add_sub_result,
(base_value + (multiplier * (divisor - mod_value))) AS controlled_eval
FROM
test_math_operations;
raised_to_exponent | multiplied_value | divided_value | int_division | modulo_result | add_sub_result | controlled_eval |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10100.25 | 201 | 20.1 | 20 | 1 | 97.5 | 104.5 |
15766047.296875 | 752.25 | 25.075 | 25 | 1 | 243.75 | 259.75 |
6375940.62890625 | -251.25 | -6.28125 | -6 | 0 | -53.25 | -30.25 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 10 |
出力コード:
CREATE TABLE test_math_operations (
base_value DECIMAL(10, 2),
multiplier INT,
divisor INT,
mod_value INT,
exponent INT
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": { "major": 0, "minor": 0, "patch": "0" }, "attributes": { "component": "redshift", "convertedOn": "12/10/2024", "domain": "test" }}';
INSERT INTO test_math_operations (base_value, multiplier, divisor, mod_value, exponent)
VALUES
(100.50, 2, 5, 3, 2),
(250.75, 3, 10, 7, 3),
(-50.25, 5, 8, 4, 4),
(0, 10, 2, 1, 5);
SELECT
POWER(
base_value, exponent) AS raised_to_exponent,
(base_value * multiplier) AS multiplied_value,
(base_value / divisor) AS divided_value,
FLOOR(
base_value::int / divisor) as int_division,
(mod_value % 2) AS modulo_result,
(base_value + multiplier - divisor) AS add_sub_result,
(base_value + (multiplier * (divisor - mod_value))) AS controlled_eval
FROM
test_math_operations;
raised_to_exponent | multiplied_value | divided_value | int_division | modulo_result | add_sub_result | controlled_eval |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10100.25 | 201 | 20.1 | 20 | 1 | 97.5 | 104.5 |
15766047.2969 | 752.25 | 25.075 | 25 | 1 | 243.75 | 259.75 |
6375940.6289 | -251.25 | -6.2812 | -7 | 0 | -53.25 | -30.25 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 10 |
絶対値、平方根、立方根¶
入力コード:
CREATE TABLE unary_operators
(
col1 INTEGER,
col2 INTEGER
);
INSERT INTO unary_operators VALUES
(14, 10),
(-8, 8),
(975, 173),
(-1273, 187);
SELECT
|/ col2 AS square_root,
||/ col1 AS cube_root,
@ col1 AS absolute_value
FROM unary_operators;
+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+
|square_root |cube_root |absolute_value|
+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+
|3.1622776601683795 |2.4101422641752306 |14 |
|2.8284271247461903 |-2 |8 |
|13.152946437965905 |9.915962413403873 |975 |
|13.674794331177344 |-10.837841647592736 |1273 |
+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+
出力コード:
CREATE TABLE unary_operators
(
col1 INTEGER,
col2 INTEGER
)
COMMENT = '{ "origin": "sf_sc", "name": "snowconvert", "version": { "major": 0, "minor": 0, "patch": "0" }, "attributes": { "component": "redshift", "convertedOn": "12/17/2024", "domain": "test" }}';
INSERT INTO unary_operators
VALUES
(14, 10),
(-8, 8),
(975, 173),
(-1273, 187);
SELECT
SQRT(col2) AS square_root,
CBRT(col1) AS cube_root,
ABS(col1) AS absolute_value
FROM
unary_operators;
+-------------+--------------+--------------+
|square_root |cube_root |absolute_value|
+-------------+--------------+--------------+
|3.16227766 |2.410142264 |14 |
|2.828427125 |-2 |8 |
|13.152946438 |9.915962413 |975 |
|13.674794331 |-10.837841648 |1273 |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+
既知の問題¶
Snowflakeでは単項演算子
+
および-
を文字列値で使用できますが、Redshiftでは無効です。
関連 EWIs¶
関連 EWIs はありません。
ビット演算子¶
ビット演算子の翻訳
換算テーブル¶
Redshift | Snowflake | Comments |
---|---|---|
& (AND) | BITAND | Fully supported by Snowflake |
| (OR) | BITOR | Fully supported by Snowflake |
<< (Shift Left) | BITSHIFTLEFT | |
>> (Shift Right) | BITSHIFTRIGHT | |
# (XOR) | BITXOR | Fully supported by Snowflake |
~ (NOT) | BITNOT | Fully supported by Snowflake |
サンプルソースパターン¶
セットアップデータ¶
Redshift
CREATE TABLE bitwise_demo (
col1 INTEGER,
col2 INTEGER,
col3 INTEGER,
col4 VARBYTE(5),
col5 VARBYTE(7)
);
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) VALUES
-- Binary: 110, 011, 1111, 0100100001100101011011000110110001101111, 0100100001101001
(6, 3, 15, 'Hello'::VARBYTE, 'Hi'::VARBYTE),
-- Binary: 1010, 0101, 0111, 0100000101000010, 01000011
(10, 5, 7, 'AB'::VARBYTE, 'C'::VARBYTE),
-- Binary: 11111111, 10000000, 01000000, 010000100111100101100101, 01000111011011110110111101100100010000100111100101100101
(255, 128, 64, 'Bye'::VARBYTE, 'GoodBye'::VARBYTE),
-- Edge case with small numbers and a negative number
(1, 0, -1, 'Hey'::VARBYTE, 'Ya'::VARBYTE);
Snowflake
CREATE TABLE bitwise_demo (
col1 INTEGER,
col2 INTEGER,
col3 INTEGER,
col4 BINARY(5),
col5 BINARY(7)
);
-- Binary: 110, 011, 1111, 0100100001100101011011000110110001101111, 0100100001101001
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) SELECT 6, 3, 15, TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Hello')), TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Hi'));
-- Binary: 1010, 0101, 0111, 0100000101000010, 01000011
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) SELECT 10, 5, 7, TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('AB')), TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('C'));
-- Binary: 11111111, 10000000, 01000000, 010000100111100101100101, 01000111011011110110111101100100010000100111100101100101
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) SELECT 255, 128, 64, TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Bye')), TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('GoodBye'));
-- Edge case with small numbers and a negative number
INSERT INTO bitwise_demo (col1, col2, col3, col4, col5) SELECT 1, 0, -1, TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Hey')), TO_BINARY(HEX_ENCODE('Ya'));
整数値のビット演算子¶
入力コード:
SELECT
-- Bitwise AND
col1 & col2 AS bitwise_and, -- col1 AND col2
-- Bitwise OR
col1 | col2 AS bitwise_or, -- col1 OR col2
-- Left Shift
col3 << 1 AS left_shift_col3, -- col3 shifted left by 1
-- Right Shift
col3 >> 1 AS right_shift_col3, -- col3 shifted right by 1
-- XOR
col1 # col2 AS bitwise_xor, -- col1 XOR col2
-- NOT
~ col3 AS bitwise_not -- NOT col3
FROM bitwise_demo;
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
| bitwise_and | bitwise_or | left_shift_col3 | right_shift_col3 | bitwise_xor | bitwise_not |
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
|2 |7 |30 |7 |5 |-16 |
|0 |15 |14 |3 |15 |-8 |
|128 |255 |128 |32 |127 |-65 |
|0 |1 |-2 |-1 |1 |0 |
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
出力コード:
SELECT
BITAND(
-- Bitwise AND
col1, col2) AS bitwise_and, -- col1 AND col2
BITOR(
-- Bitwise OR
col1, col2) AS bitwise_or, -- col1 OR col2
-- Left Shift
--** SSC-FDM-PG0010 - RESULTS MAY VARY DUE TO THE BEHAVIOR OF SNOWFLAKE'S BITSHIFTLEFT BITWISE FUNCTION **
BITSHIFTLEFT(
col3, 1) AS left_shift_col3, -- col3 shifted left by 1
-- Right Shift
--** SSC-FDM-PG0010 - RESULTS MAY VARY DUE TO THE BEHAVIOR OF SNOWFLAKE'S BITSHIFTRIGHT BITWISE FUNCTION **
BITSHIFTRIGHT(
col3, 1) AS right_shift_col3, -- col3 shifted right by 1
BITXOR(
-- XOR
col1, col2) AS bitwise_xor, -- col1 XOR col2
-- NOT
BITNOT(col3) AS bitwise_not -- NOT col3
FROM
bitwise_demo;
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
| bitwise_and | bitwise_or | left_shift_col3 | right_shift_col3 | bitwise_xor | bitwise_not |
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
|2 |7 |30 |7 |5 |-16 |
|0 |15 |14 |3 |15 |-8 |
|128 |255 |128 |32 |127 |-65 |
|0 |1 |-2 |-1 |1 |0 |
+-------------+------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------+-------------+
バイナリデータのビット演算子¶
BITAND
、 BITOR
、 BITXOR
関数では、'LEFT'
パラメーターが追加され、両方のバイナリ値の長さが異なる場合にパディングを挿入します。これは、Snowflakeで値を比較する際のエラーを回避するために行われます。
Redshift
SELECT
-- Bitwise AND
col4 & col5 AS bitwise_and, -- col4 AND col5
-- Bitwise OR
col4 | col5 AS bitwise_or, -- col4 OR col5
-- XOR
col4 # col5 AS bitwise_xor, -- col4 XOR col5
-- NOT
~ col4 AS bitwise_not -- NOT col4
FROM bitwise_demo;
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-------------+
| bitwise_and | bitwise_or | bitwise_xor | bitwise_not |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-------------+
|0x0000004869 |0x48656C6C6F |0x48656C2406 |0xB79A939390 |
|0x0042 |0x4143 |0x4101 |0xBEBD |
|0x00000000427965 |0x476F6F64427965 |0x476F6F64000000 |0xBD869A |
|0x004161 |0x487D79 |0x483C18 |0xB79A86 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-------------+
Snowflake
SELECT
BITAND(
-- Bitwise AND
col4, col5, 'LEFT') AS bitwise_and, -- col4 AND col5
BITOR(
-- Bitwise OR
col4, col5, 'LEFT') AS bitwise_or, -- col4 OR col5
-- XOR
BITXOR(col4, col5, 'LEFT') AS bitwise_xor, -- col4 XOR col5
-- NOT
BITNOT(col4) AS bitwise_not -- NOT col4
FROM bitwise_demo;
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------+
| bitwise_and | bitwise_or | bitwise_xor | bitwise_not |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------+
|0000004869 |48656C6C6F |48656C2406 |B79A939390 |
|0042 |4143 |4101 |BEBD |
|00000000427965 |476F6F64427965 |476F6F64000000 |BD869A |
|004161 |487D79 |483C18 |B79A86 |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------+
既知の問題¶
問題は見つかりませんでした。
関連 EWIs¶
SSC-FDM-PG0010: Snowflakeのビット関数の動作により、結果が異なる場合があります。