Snowpark Migration Accelerator: Group By¶

Description¶

The GROUP BY clause is used to group the rows based on a set of specified grouping expressions and compute aggregations on the group of rows based on one or more specified aggregate functions. Databricks SQL also supports advanced aggregations to do multiple aggregations for the same input record set via GROUPING SETS, CUBE, ROLLUP clauses. The grouping expressions and advanced aggregations can be mixed in the GROUP BY clause and nested in a GROUPING SETS clause. (Databricks SQL Language Reference GROUP BY)

Groups rows with the same group-by-item expressions and computes aggregate functions for the resulting group. A GROUP BY expression can be:

  • A column name.

  • A number referencing a position in the SELECT list.

  • A general expression.

Extensions:

GROUP BY CUBE , GROUP BY GROUPING SETS , GROUP BY ROLLUP

(Snowflake SQL Language Reference GROUP BY)

Syntax¶

GROUP BY ALL

GROUP BY group_expression [, ...] [ WITH ROLLUP | WITH CUBE ]

GROUP BY { group_expression | { ROLLUP | CUBE | GROUPING SETS } ( grouping_set [, ...] ) } [, ...]

grouping_set
   { expression |
     ( [ expression [, ...] ] ) }
Copy
SELECT ...
  FROM ...
  [ ... ]
  GROUP BY groupItem [ , groupItem [ , ... ] ]
  [ ... ]
  
SELECT ...
  FROM ...
  [ ... ]
  GROUP BY ALL
  [ ... ]

groupItem ::= { <column_alias> | <position> | <expr> }

SELECT ...
FROM ...
[ ... ]
GROUP BY CUBE ( groupCube [ , groupCube [ , ... ] ] )
[ ... ]

groupCube ::= { <column_alias> | <position> | <expr> }

SELECT ...
FROM ...
[ ... ]
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ( groupSet [ , groupSet [ , ... ] ] )
[ ... ]

groupSet ::= { <column_alias> | <position> | <expr> }

SELECT ...
FROM ...
[ ... ]
GROUP BY ROLLUP ( groupRollup [ , groupRollup [ , ... ] ] )
[ ... ]

groupRollup ::= { <column_alias> | <position> | <expr> }
Copy

Sample Source Patterns¶

Setup data¶

Databricks¶

CREATE TEMP VIEW dealer (id, city, car_model, quantity) AS
VALUES (100, 'Fremont', 'Honda Civic', 10),
       (100, 'Fremont', 'Honda Accord', 15),
       (100, 'Fremont', 'Honda CRV', 7),
       (200, 'Dublin', 'Honda Civic', 20),
       (200, 'Dublin', 'Honda Accord', 10),
       (200, 'Dublin', 'Honda CRV', 3),
       (300, 'San Jose', 'Honda Civic', 5),
       (300, 'San Jose', 'Honda Accord', 8);
Copy

Snowflake¶

CREATE TEMP TABLE dealer (id INT, city STRING, car_model STRING, quantity INT);
INSERT INTO dealer VALUES
        (100, 'Fremont', 'Honda Civic', 10),
        (100, 'Fremont', 'Honda Accord', 15),
        (100, 'Fremont', 'Honda CRV', 7),
        (200, 'Dublin', 'Honda Civic', 20),
        (200, 'Dublin', 'Honda Accord', 10),
        (200, 'Dublin', 'Honda CRV', 3),
        (300, 'San Jose', 'Honda Civic', 5),
        (300, 'San Jose', 'Honda Accord', 8);
Copy

Pattern code¶

Databricks¶

-- 1. Sum of quantity per dealership. Group by `id`.
SELECT id, sum(quantity) FROM dealer GROUP BY id ORDER BY id;

-- 2. Use column position in GROUP by clause.
SELECT id, sum(quantity) FROM dealer GROUP BY 1 ORDER BY 1;

-- 3. Multiple aggregations.
-- 3.1. Sum of quantity per dealership.
-- 3.2. Max quantity per dealership.
SELECT id, sum(quantity) AS sum, max(quantity) AS max
    FROM dealer GROUP BY id ORDER BY id;

-- 4. Count the number of distinct dealers in cities per car_model.
SELECT car_model, count(DISTINCT city) AS count FROM dealer GROUP BY car_model;

-- 5. Count the number of distinct dealers in cities per car_model, using GROUP BY ALL
SELECT car_model, count(DISTINCT city) AS count FROM dealer GROUP BY ALL;

-- 6. Sum of only 'Honda Civic' and 'Honda CRV' quantities per dealership.
SELECT id,
         sum(quantity) FILTER (WHERE car_model IN ('Honda Civic', 'Honda CRV')) AS `sum(quantity)`
    FROM dealer
    GROUP BY id ORDER BY id;

-- 7. Aggregations using multiple sets of grouping columns in a single statement.
-- Following performs aggregations based on four sets of grouping columns.
-- 7.1. city, car_model
-- 7.2. city
-- 7.3. car_model
-- 7.4. Empty grouping set. Returns quantities for all city and car models.
SELECT city, car_model, sum(quantity) AS sum
    FROM dealer
    GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((city, car_model), (city), (car_model), ())
    ORDER BY city;

-- 8.Group by processing with `ROLLUP` clause.
-- Equivalent GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((city, car_model), (city), ())
SELECT city, car_model, sum(quantity) AS sum
    FROM dealer
    GROUP BY city, car_model WITH ROLLUP
    ORDER BY city, car_model;

-- 9. Group by processing with `CUBE` clause.
-- Equivalent GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((city, car_model), (city), (car_model), ())
SELECT city, car_model, sum(quantity) AS sum
    FROM dealer
    GROUP BY city, car_model WITH CUBE
    ORDER BY city, car_model;
Copy

id

sum(quantity)

100

32

200

33

300

13

id

sum(quantity)

100

32

200

33

300

13

id

sum

max

100

32

15

200

33

20

300

13

8

car_model

count

Honda Civic

3

Honda CRV

2

Honda Accord

3

car_model

count

Honda Civic

3

Honda CRV

2

Honda Accord

3

id

sum(quantity)

100

17

200

23

300

5

city

car_model

sum

NULL

Honda Civic

35

NULL

Honda Accord

33

NULL

NULL

78

NULL

Honda CRV

10

Dublin

Honda Civic

20

Dublin

NULL

33

Dublin

Honda CRV

3

Dublin

Honda Accord

10

Fremont

Honda Accord

15

Fremont

Honda Civic

10

Fremont

NULL

32

Fremont

Honda CRV

7

San Jose

Honda Accord

8

San Jose

NULL

13

San Jose

Honda Civic

5

city

car_model

sum

NULL

NULL

78

Dublin

NULL

33

Dublin

Honda Accord

10

Dublin

Honda CRV

3

Dublin

Honda Civic

20

Fremont

NULL

32

Fremont

Honda Accord

15

Fremont

Honda CRV

7

Fremont

Honda Civic

10

San Jose

NULL

13

San Jose

Honda Accord

8

San Jose

Honda Civic

5

city

car_model

sum

NULL

NULL

78

NULL

Honda Accord

33

NULL

Honda CRV

10

NULL

Honda Civic

35

Dublin

NULL

33

Dublin

Honda Accord

10

Dublin

Honda CRV

3

Dublin

Honda Civic

20

Fremont

NULL

32

Fremont

Honda Accord

15

Fremont

Honda CRV

7

Fremont

Honda Civic

10

San Jose

NULL

13

San Jose

Honda Accord

8

San Jose

Honda Civic

5

Snowflake¶

-- 1. Sum of quantity per dealership. Group by `id`.
SELECT id, sum(quantity) FROM dealer GROUP BY id ORDER BY id;

-- 2. Use column position in GROUP by clause.
SELECT id, sum(quantity) FROM dealer GROUP BY 1 ORDER BY 1;

-- 3. Multiple aggregations.
-- 3.1. Sum of quantity per dealership.
-- 3.2. Max quantity per dealership.
SELECT id, sum(quantity) AS sum, max(quantity) AS max
    FROM dealer GROUP BY id ORDER BY id;

-- 4. Count the number of distinct dealers in cities per car_model.
SELECT car_model, count(DISTINCT city) AS count FROM dealer GROUP BY car_model;

-- 5. Count the number of distinct dealers in cities per car_model, using GROUP BY ALL
SELECT car_model, count(DISTINCT city) AS count FROM dealer GROUP BY ALL;

-- 6. Sum of only 'Honda Civic' and 'Honda CRV' quantities per dealership.
SELECT 
    id,
    SUM(CASE WHEN car_model='Honda Civic' OR car_model='Honda CRV' THEN quantity ELSE NULL END) AS `sum(quantity)`
    FROM dealer
    GROUP BY id ORDER BY id;

-- 7. Aggregations using multiple sets of grouping columns in a single statement.
-- Following performs aggregations based on four sets of grouping columns.
-- 7.1. city, car_model
-- 7.2. city
-- 7.3. car_model
-- 7.4. Empty grouping set. Returns quantities for all city and car models.
SELECT city, car_model, sum(quantity) AS sum
    FROM dealer
    GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((city, car_model), (city), (car_model), ())
    ORDER BY city NULLS FIRST;
 

-- 8. Group by processing with `ROLLUP` clause.
-- Equivalent GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((city, car_model), (city), ())
SELECT city, car_model, sum(quantity) AS sum
    FROM dealer
    GROUP BY ROLLUP (city, car_model)
    ORDER BY city NULLS FIRST, car_model NULLS FIRST;

-- 9. Group by processing with `CUBE` clause.
-- Equivalent GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((city, car_model), (city), (car_model), ())
SELECT city, car_model, sum(quantity) AS sum
    FROM dealer
    GROUP BY CUBE (city, car_model)
    ORDER BY city NULLS FIRST, car_model NULLS FIRST;
Copy

id

sum(quantity)

100

32

200

33

300

13

id

sum(quantity)

100

32

200

33

300

13

id

sum

max

100

32

15

200

33

20

300

13

8

car_model

count

Honda Civic

3

Honda CRV

2

Honda Accord

3

car_model

count

Honda Civic

3

Honda CRV

2

Honda Accord

3

id

sum(quantity)

100

17

200

23

300

5

city

car_model

sum

NULL

Honda Civic

35

NULL

Honda Accord

33

NULL

NULL

78

NULL

Honda CRV

10

Dublin

Honda Civic

20

Dublin

NULL

33

Dublin

Honda CRV

3

Dublin

Honda Accord

10

Fremont

Honda Accord

15

Fremont

Honda Civic

10

Fremont

NULL

32

Fremont

Honda CRV

7

San Jose

Honda Accord

8

San Jose

NULL

13

San Jose

Honda Civic

5

city

car_model

sum

NULL

NULL

78

Dublin

NULL

33

Dublin

Honda Accord

10

Dublin

Honda CRV

3

Dublin

Honda Civic

20

Fremont

NULL

32

Fremont

Honda Accord

15

Fremont

Honda CRV

7

Fremont

Honda Civic

10

San Jose

NULL

13

San Jose

Honda Accord

8

San Jose

Honda Civic

5

city

car_model

sum

NULL

NULL

78

NULL

Honda Accord

33

NULL

Honda CRV

10

NULL

Honda Civic

35

Dublin

NULL

33

Dublin

Honda Accord

10

Dublin

Honda CRV

3

Dublin

Honda Civic

20

Fremont

NULL

32

Fremont

Honda Accord

15

Fremont

Honda CRV

7

Fremont

Honda Civic

10

San Jose

NULL

13

San Jose

Honda Accord

8

San Jose

Honda Civic

5

Known Issues¶

No issues were found